Effect of Integrated Weed Control Options on Growth and Yield of Cassava at Kilosa District, Tanzania
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14738/dafs.116.15686Keywords:
Cassava, Weed control combination(s), Days after planting, Fresh root weight, Cassava biomassAbstract
Weeds are among of the major pest that hinders cassava growth and production. Also, weeds can host insect and disease pathogens, thus brings up difficulty in the growth of cassava. The effect of different weed control treatment combinations was studied at Ilonga village, Kilosa district during 2019/2020 planting season. Till only and till + Ridge, pre-emergence herbicides (Primagram Gold a.i 290 g/L S-metolachlor + 370 g/L atrazine and Oxfen a.i Oxyfluorfen 24% EC), post emergence herbicides (Force up a.i 480 g/L of Glyphosate-Isopropylamine salt and back pack weeder with modified tines were tested on Cassava variety Kiroba in a factorial experiment arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated three times.
Combination of tillage practices and pre-emergence herbicides application increased number of days weeds took to re-emerge. The correlation analysis showed a highly significant strong positive relationship, r = 0.925, p < 0.001 and r = 0.781, p < 0.05 between cassava stem height and cassava fresh root weight, and cassava stem girth and cassava fresh root weight, respectively. Weed control combinations did not significantly affect the cassava fresh root weight, p = 0.514 and cassava biomass p = 0.732. Also weed control combinations did not significantly affect soil quality. The combination of till + ridges, application of S-metolachlor + atrazine herbicides and glyphosate provided favorable environment for cassava growth and root formation as compared to other treatment combinations. Therefore, it is recommended as a best option for controlling weeds in cassava production system.
References
Sims, B., et al., Sustainable weed management for conservation agriculture: Options for smallholder farmers. Agriculture, 2018. 8(8): p. 118.
Islami, T., E.I. Wisnubroto, and W.H. Utomo, Effect of chemical and mechanical weed control on cassava yield, soil quality and erosion under cassava cropping system. Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies Vol, 2017. 4(1): p. 57-61.
Ekeleme, F., et al., Assessment of weeds of cassava and farmers management practices in Nigeria. 2019.
Schwartz-Lazaro, L.M. and J.T. Copes, A review of the soil seedbank from a weed scientists perspective. Agronomy, 2019. 9(7): p. 369.
Kraehmer, H., et al., Herbicides as weed control agents: state of the art: II. Recent achievements. Plant physiology, 2014. 166(3): p. 1132-1148.
Ekeleme, F., et al., Weed management in cassava in Africa: Challenges and opportunities. Outlooks on Pest Management, 2016. 27(5): p. 208-212.
Westwood, J.H., et al., Weed management in 2050: Perspectives on the future of weed science. Weed science, 2018. 66(3): p. 275-285.
Reshma, N., et al., Integrated weed management in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Journal of Root Crops, 2016. 42(1): p. 22-27.
Kajembe, G.C., et al., The Kilosa district REDD+ pilot project, Tanzania. A socioeconomic baseline study IIED, 2013.
Zakayo, R., Pastoral adaptive capacity in the changing climate in Kilosa district, 2015, Sokoine University of Agriculture.
Edet, M.A., et al., Relationship of cassava growth parameters with yield, yield related components and harvest time in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria. J. Nat. Sci. Res, 2015. 5(9): p. 87-92.
Ntawuruhunga, P. and A.G. Dixon, Quantitative variation and interrelationship between factors influencing cassava yield. Journal of Applied Biosciences, 2010. 26(4): p. 1594-1602.
Moeini, M.M., M.A. Baghestani, and H.R. Mashhadi, Introducing an abundance index for assessing weed flora in survey studies. Weed Biology and Management, 2008. 8(3): p. 172-180.
Jones Jr, J.B., Plant nutrition and soil fertility manual2012: CRC press.
Imakumbili, M.L.E., Influence of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium on cyanogenic glucoside production in cassava grown in some soils of Mtwara Region, Tanzania, 2018, Sokoine University of Agriculture.
Landon, J.R., Booker tropical soil manual: a handbook for soil survey and agricultural land evaluation in the tropics and subtropics2014: Routledge.
Howeler, R.H., Cassava mineral nutrition and fertilization, in Cassava: Biology, production and utilization2001, CABI Wallingford UK. p. 115-147.
Motsara, M., Guide to laboratory establishment for plant nutrient analysis2015: Scientific Publishers.
Udensi, U.E., et al., Adoption of chemical weed control technology among cassava farmers in south eastern Nigeria. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 2012. 10(1 part 2): p. 667-674.
Atser, G., et al., The ABC of weed management in cassava production in Nigeria: a training manual. 2017.
Velmurugan, M., S. Manickam, and L. Pugalendhi, Effect of Weed Management Practices on The Growth and Yield of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Journal of Root Crops, 2017. 43(1): p. 34-38.
Amarullah, A., et al., Correlation of growth parameters with yield of two cassava varieties. Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science), 2017. 1(3): p. 100-104.
Misganaw, C.D. and W.D. Bayou, Tuber yield and yield component performance of cassava (Manihot esculenta) varieties in Fafen District, Ethiopia. International Journal of Agronomy, 2020. 2020: p. 1-6.
Onasanya, O.O., et al., On-farm assessment of cassava root yield response to tillage, plant density, weed control and fertilizer application in southwestern Nigeria. Field Crops Research, 2021. 262: p. 108038.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Joseph Adonia Leonard, Emmanuel Vicent Laswai, Abdul B. Kudra, George M. Tryphone
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
