Impact of Authentic Leadership on Employee Well-Being in Commodity Market: A Case of Nigeria’s Cocoa Industry
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.1112.17920Keywords:
Authentic Leadership, Employee Well-Being, Commodity Market, Cocoa Industry, NigeriaAbstract
This study aims to investigate the relationship between authentic leadership and employee well-being in the Nigerian cocoa sector, a key commodity market in the country. Authentic leadership is characterized by self-awareness, relational transparency, balanced processing, and internalized moral perspective, and has been linked to positive employee outcomes in various contexts. Using a case study approach, this research examined the experiences of employees in the Nigerian cocoa industry to understand how authentic leadership behaviours exhibited by employers and managers influence factors such as organizational commitment, work-life balance, and overall well-being. Data were collected through interviews of Nigeria cocoa sector employees to gain a holistic perspective. Findings revealed that the Nigerian cocoa sectors comply with minimum legal requirements but do not proactively go beyond those standards, and that they provide basic healthcare benefits and adhere to safety regulations but lack comprehensive well-being programs. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the scholarly literature on authentic leadership and its application in non-Western, developing economy settings. It will also provide practical insights for Nigerian cocoa organisations and policymakers on fostering leadership practices that promote leaders’ authenticity, employee thriving and sustainable business performance. The results may have broader implications for leadership development and human resource management strategies in Nigeria's vital commodity markets.
References
Abbas, A., Ekowati, D. and Anwar, A., 2023. Authentic leadership journey: an empirical discussion from Pakistani higher education employing the lay theory of psychology. International Journal of Public Leadership, 19(1), pp.1-Akande, Y.B., Tijani, A.A., Kehinde, A.D. and Oyenpemi, L.O., 2023. Impact of compliance with European Union (EU) regulations on the income of actors along the cocoa supply chain in Osun state, Nigeria. Sustainable Futures, 6, p.100120.
Bella, K.M.J., 2023. The Power of Employee Well-Being: A Catalyst For Organizational Success. International Journal of Scientific Research in Modern Science and Technology, 2(4), pp.20-26.
Bello-Bravo, J., Lutomia, A.N., Medendorp, J.W. and Pittendrigh, B.R., 2022. Chocolate industry sustainable sourcing practices. Trends in Sustainable Chocolate Production, pp.259-290.
Boyd, N. and Nowell, B., 2023. Sense of community, sense of community responsibility, organizational commitment and identification, and public service motivation: A simultaneous test of affective states on employee well-being and engagement in a public service work context. In Public Service Motivation (pp. 76-102). Routledge.
Buor, J.K., 2022. Understanding the socio-economic and environmental impacts of Ghana's change in economic status on the upstream cocoa supply chain. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Cadby, J. and Araki, T., 2021. Towards ethical chocolate: multicriterial identifiers, pricing structures, and the role of the specialty cacao industry in sustainable development. SN Business & Economics, 1(3), p.44.
Cao, M., Zhao, Y. and Zhao, S., 2020. Facilitating the implementation process of high-performance work systems: the role of authentic leadership. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, p.550711.
Cocoa Machinery: Cocoa Processing Solution Provider. Retrieved from: https://www.cocoamachinery.com Der Kinderen, S. and Khapova, S.N., 2020. Positive psychological well-being at work: The role of eudaimonia. The Palgrave handbook of workplace well-being, pp.1-28.
Durrah, O., 2023. Do we need friendship in the workplace? The effect on innovative behavior and mediating role of psychological safety. Current Psychology, 42(32), pp.28597-28610.
Erickson, S., 2021. Communication in a crisis and the importance of authenticity and transparency. Journal of Library Administration, 61(4), pp.476-483.
Evbuomwan, G.O., Olokoyo, F.O., Adesina, T. and Okoye, L.U., 2020. Boosting Non-oil Export Revenue in Nigeria Through Non-traditional Agricultural Export Commodities: How Feasible? The Palgrave Handbook of Agricultural and Rural Development in Africa, pp.611-625.
Fountain, A. and Hütz-Adams, F., 2020. Cocoa barometer 2020. In Cocoa barometer 2020: Fountain, Antonie| uHütz-Adams, Friedel. [Bonn]: SÜDWIND eV-Institut für Ökonomie und Ökumene.
Gardner, W.L., Karam, E.P., Alvesson, M. and Einola, K., 2021. Authentic leadership theory: The case for and against. The Leadership Quarterly, 32(6), p.101495.
Hanu, C. and Khumalo, N., 2024. From high-performance work systems and resilience to employee well-being during crises: exploring the moderating role of employee ambidexterity. Current Psychology, 43(11), pp.9955-Idris, M., 2020. Understanding agricultural productivity growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: An analysis of the Nigerian economy. International Journal of Economics and Financial Research, 6(7), pp.147-158.
Jayaram, N. and Varma, D., 2020. Examining the ‘labour’in labour migration: Migrant workers’ informal work arrangements and access to labour rights in urban sectors. The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, 63(4), pp.999-1019.
Jones, E.O., Tham-Agyekum, E.K., Ankuyi, F., Ankrah, D.A., Akaba, S., Shafiwu, A.B. and Richard, F.N., 2023. Mobile agricultural extension delivery and climate-smart agricultural practices in a time of a pandemic: Evidence from southern Ghana. Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, 19, p.100274.
Juchnowicz, M. and Kinowska, H., 2021. Employee well-being and digital work during the COVID-19 pandemic. Information, 12(8), p.293.
Khan, M.A., Ismail, F.B., Hussain, A. and Alghazali, B., 2020. The interplay of leadership styles, innovative work behavior, organizational culture, and organizational citizenship behavior. Sage Open, 10(1), p.2158244019898264.
Kissi, E.A. and Herzig, C., 2024. Labour relations and working conditions of workers on smallholder cocoa farms in Ghana. Agriculture and Human Values, 41(1), pp.109-120.
Mor Barak, M.E., Luria, G. and Brimhall, K.C., 2022. What leaders say versus what they do: Inclusive leadership, policy-practice decoupling, and the anomaly of climate for inclusion. Group & Organization Management, 47(4), pp.840-871. URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.1112.17920 81
Nwuke, O., Nwoye, C. and Onoyima, N., 2020. Family businesses, succession and survival strategies. In Indigenous African Enterprise (Vol. 26, pp. 59-71). Emerald Publishing Limited.
Oduntan, O. and Adegbuyi, S.M., 2021. Factors Influencing Farmers’ Level of Compliance to the Cocoa Certification Programme in Idanre Local Government Area of Ond o State. Applied Tropical Agriculture, 26(1), pp.212-219.
Olomu, M.O., Ekperiware, M.C. and Akinlo, T., 2020. Agricultural sector value chain and government policy in Nigeria: issues, challenges and prospects. African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, 11(3), pp.525-Perlman, B.J., Reddick, C. and Demir, T., 2023. A compliance—integrity framework for ethics management: An empirical analysis of local government practice. Public Administration Review, 83(4), pp.823-837.
Plough, A.L. ed., 2020. Well-being: Expanding the definition of progress: Insights from practitioners, researchers, and innovators from around the globe. Oxford University Press.
Pradhan, R. K., & Hati, L. (2022). The Measurement of Employee Well-being: Development and Validation of a Scale. Global Business Review, 23(2), 385-407. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150919859101 Quintão, Cátia, Pedro Andrade, and Fernando Almeida. "How to Improve the Validity and Reliability of a Case Study Approach?." Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in Education 9.2 (2020): 264-275.
Ravina-Ripoll, R., Galvan-Vela, E., Sorzano-Rodríguez, D.M. and Ruíz-Corrales, M., 2023. Mapping intrapreneurship through the dimensions of happiness at work and internal communication. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 28(2), pp.230-248.
Roller, M.R., 2020. The In-depth Interview Method. Journal of Language Relationship, 10(1).
Russo, C. and Terraneo, M., 2020. Mental well-being among workers: a cross-national analysis of job insecurity impact on the workforce. Social Indicators Research, 152(2), pp.421-442.
Sabri, M., Wijekoon, R. and Rahim, H., 2020. The influence of money attitude, financial practices, self-efficacy and emotion coping on employees’ financial well-being. Management Science Letters, 10(4), pp.889-900.
Sutton, A., 2020. Living the good life: A meta-analysis of authenticity, well-being and engagement. Personality and Individual Differences, 153, p.109645.
Tennhardt, L., Lazzarini, G., Weisshaidinger, R. and Schader, C., 2022. Do environmentally-friendly cocoa farms yield social and economic co-benefits? Ecological Economics, 197, p.107428.
Thomas, K.A., Oladjide, A. and Olutayo, M.O., 2022. Cocoa Commercialisation in Nigeria: Issues and Prospects. APRA Working Paper, 79.
Tijani, O.O. and Okunbanjo, O.I., 2020. Authentic leadership and organizational commitment: empirical evidence from information technology industry in Nigeria. Kelaniya Journal of Management, 9(2), pp.55-74.
Udeh, S.C., Onuoha, D.A. and Nwokorobia, C., 2021. Diversification of Nigeria’s economy: Option for sustainable growth. International Journal of Development and Management Review, 16(1), pp.219-236.
Van Droffelaar, B. and Jacobs, M., 2017. The role of wilderness experiences in leaders’ development toward authentic leadership. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 38(8), pp.1144-1156.
Walker, D.O. and Reichard, R.J., 2020. On purpose: Leader self‐development and the meaning of purposeful engagement. Journal of Leadership Studies, 14(1), pp.26-38. 82
Walumbwa, F.O., Avolio, B.J., Gardner, W.L., Wernsing, T.S. and Peterson, S.J., 2008. Authentic leadership: Development and validation of a theory-based measure. Journal of management, 34(1), pp.89-126.
Werner, S. and Balkin, D.B., 2021. Strategic benefits: How employee benefits can create a sustainable competitive edge. The Journal of Total Rewards, 30(1), pp.8-22.
Wijngaards, I., King, O.C., Burger, M.J. and van Exel, J., 2021. Worker well-being: What it is, and how it should be measured. Applied Research in Quality of Life, pp.1-38.
Wulandari, W.A. and Widjojoko, T., 2021. Analysis of Export Competitiveness of Indonesian Cocoa Beans in the International Market. Proceeding ICMA-SURE, 1(1).
Zivkovic, S. 2022. Empathy in leadership: how it enhances effectiveness. Economic and Social Development: Book of Proceedings, pp.454-467.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Adekunle Michael Tayo, Olabode Olajide, Jacob Oloruntoba Kutu

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
