Assessing Accented Speech with a Data-Based Assessment Framework: The Key to Evidence-based Accent-Management

Authors

  • Amee P Shah School of Health Sciences, Stockton University, Galloway, NJ

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.115.16953

Abstract

Background: Foreign-accent Management continues to be a rapidly growing area. However, due to the vast variability and lack of professional regulation in this area of practice, Speech-language Pathologists and English-as-Second-Language teachers grapple with the basics of assessment, setting goals, planning therapy, and identifying successful outcomes for accent Management. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to introduce practitioners/teachers to a framework of assessment of accent-related communication concerns. The CAAI assessment framework provides major areas to include in assessment of accented speech, along with methods to assess with key examples. Using a proven assessment framework helps identify the key speech and language issues that interfere with communication, thereby setting an useful baseline for effective intervention, numerically tracking progress along the way, and conducting a systematic post-intervention outcome assessment. Methodology: Twenty-two areas of communication are identified and described in detail as key areas to identify accent-related concerns. Pre- and post-therapy assessment data, intelligibility judgments by independent raters, and the clients’ judgments are used to quantitatively diagnose, set goals in therapy, and measure eventual therapy outcomes. Conclusions: Use of a data-driven, objective assessment method helps clinicians to be evidence-based, systematic, and consistent in helping individuals with accented speech. As a result, clients’ goals of clear communication can be met rapidly and efficiently.

References

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (1983). Social dialects and their implications [Position paper]. ASHA, 25, 23–27.

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (1985). Clinical management of communicatively handicapped minority language populations [Position paper]. ASHA, 27, 29–32.

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2007). Scope of practice in speech-language pathology. http://www.asha.org/policy/

Brysbaert, M. (2019). How many words do we read per minute? A review and meta-analysis of reading rate. Journal of Memory and Language, 109, 104047.

Burda-Reiss, A. N. (2006). Perception of accented speech: A summary of the research. American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, Perspectives, Division 14.

Compton, A. J. (1999). Compton speech and language screening evaluation. San Francisco: Carousel House.

Compton, A. (2002). Phonological assessment of foreign accent. San Francisco: Carousel House.

Ferrier, L. J., Reid, L. N., & Chenausky, K. (1999). Computer-assisted accent Management: A report on practice effects. Topics in Language Disorders, 19 (4): 35-48.

Fisher, H., & Logemann, J. A. (1971). Fisher-Logemann test of articulation competence (F-LTOAC). Austin, TX: PRO-ED.

Flege, J. E., & Fletcher, K. L. (1995). Talker and listener effects on degree of perceived foreign accent. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 91, 370-389.

Flege, J. E., Munro, M. J., & Mackay, I. R. A. (1995). Factors affecting strength of perceived foreign accent in second language. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 97, 3125-3134.

Jensen, E., Jones, N., Rabe, M., Pratt, B., Medina, L., Orozco, K., & Spell, L. (2021). The Chance That Two People Chosen at Random Are of Different Race or Ethnicity Groups Has Increased Since 2010. Census.gov. https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2021/08/2020-united-states-population-more-racially-ethnicallydiverse-than-2010.html

Jones, N., Marks, R., Ramirez, R., & Ríos-Vargas, M. (2021). 2020 Census Illuminates Racial and Ethnic Composition of the Country. Census.gov. https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2021/08/improved-raceethnicity-measures-reveal-united-states-population-much-more-multiracial.html.

Galletta, E. (2006). Effect of context on recognition of accented speech with advancing age. American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, Perspectives, Division 14.

Goldman, R., & Fristoe, M. (2000). Goldman-Fristoe test of articulation—Second edition (GFTA-2). Bloomington, MN: Pearson Assessments.

Shah, A. P. (2024). Assessing Accented Speech with a Data-Based Assessment Framework: The Key to Evidence-based Accent-Management.

Gu Y, & Shah A. (2019). A systematic review of interventions to address accent-related communication problems in healthcare. Ochsner Journal. 2019 Winter;19(4):378-396. doi: 10.31486/toj.19.0028.

Khan, L., & Lewis, N. (2002). Khan-Lewis phonological analysis—Second edition (KLPA-2). Bloomington, MN: Pearson Assessments.

Lenneberg, E. H. (1967). Biological foundations of language. New York: Wiley.

Lippke, B. A., Dickey, S. E., Selmar, J. W., & Soder, A. L. (1997). Photo articulation test—3 (PAT-3). East Moline, IL: Linguisystems.

Lowe, R. J. (1994). Phonology assessment and intervention applications in speech pathology. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkens.

McLeod, S. (Ed). (2007). The international guide to speech acquisition. Clifton Park, NY: Thomson Delmar Learning.

Munro, M. J., & Derwing, T. M. (1995). Foreign accent, comprehensibility and intelligibility in the speech of second language learners. Language Learning, 45 (1), 73-97.

Roseberry-McKibbin, C., Brice, A., & O’Hanlon, L. (2005). Serving English language learners in public school settings: A national survey. Language, Speech, & Hearing Services in Schools, 36 (1), 48-61.

Schmidt, A. M., & Meyers, K. A. (1995). Traditional and phonological treatment for teaching English fricatives and affricates to Koreans. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 38, 828-838.

Schmidt, A. M., & Sullivan, S. (2003). Clinical training in foreign accent Management: A national survey. Contemporary Issues in Communication Science and Disorders, 30, 127-135.

Shah, A. P. (2002). Temporal characteristics of Spanish-accented English: Acoustic measures and their correlation with accentedness ratings. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, City University of New York.

Shah, A. P. (2005). Accent Management: Is it efficacy-based? Results from a nationwide survey. Paper presented at the Annual conference of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA), San Diego, CA, abstract in ASHA Leader, 10 (11), p. 86, 0513.

Shah, A. P. (2007a). Comprehensive Assessment of Accentedness and Intelligibility (CAAI). EBAM Institute, L.L.C. https://caaiassessment.com/

Shah, A. P. (2007b). Cultural issues in clinical context with Asian Indian patients. In B. Uzzell, M. Ponton, & A. Ardila (Eds.), International handbook of cross-cultural neuropsychology (IHCCN) (pp. 303-317). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Shah, A. P. (2007c). A data-driven approach to comprehensive assessment of foreign-accented speech. Paper presented at the Annual conference of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA), Boston, MA, abstract in ASHA Leader, 12 (11), pp. 105, 0683.

Shah, A. P. (2009). Validation study of the Comprehensive Assessment of Accentedness & Intelligibility (CAAI). Speech Acoustics and Perception Laboratory Working Papers on Cross-Language Research, No. 4, 1-23.

Shah, A. P. (2009a). An international student on campus: A representative case study of a low English proficiency client for accent Management. In S. Chabon & E. Cohn (Eds.), Communication disorders: A case-based approach: Stories from the front line. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. (In Press, publication date October 2009).

Shah, A. P. (2009b). An international medical doctor in practice: A representative case study of a high English proficiency client for accent Management. In S. Chabon & E. Cohn (Eds.), Communication disorders: A case-based approach: Stories from the front line. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. (In Press, publication date October 2009).

Shah, A. P. (2010a). Comprehensive Assessment of Foreign-Accented Speech. A peer-reviewed, national web seminar produced by the Professional Development office of the American Speech & Hearing Association, Rockville, MD. ASHA.org. Web seminar offered as a Continuing Education course from 2011-2017.

Shah, A. P. (2010b). Comprehensive Assessment of Foreign-accented Speech: Test Battery and Model for th Assessment. A professional development course produced by Speechpathology.com. Live telecast, May 10 , 2010, and available to clinicians online for a year as a registered, ASHA-approved CEU course.

Shah, A. P. (2012). Reliability, Sensitivity, and Specificity measures of the Comprehensive Assessment of Accentedness & Intelligibility (CAAI). Speech Acoustics and Perception Laboratory Working Papers on Cross-Language Research, No. 8. (Updated in 2024; under review).

Shah, A. P. (2023a). Dr. JN: An Adult Nonnative Speaker of English: High Proficiency. The Communication Disorders Casebook: Learning by Example, 411-420. Plural Publishing, Inc. San Diego, CA.

Shah, A. P. (2023b). Ms. PW: An Adult Nonnative Speaker of English: Low Proficiency. The Communication Disorders Casebook: Learning by Example, 421-443. Plural Publishing, Inc. San Diego, CA.

Shah, A. Baum, S, & Dwivedi, V. (2006). Neural substrates of linguistic prosody: Evidence from syntactic disambiguation in the productions of brain-damaged patients. Brain and Language, 96 (1), 78-89.

Sikorski, L. (2002). Proficiency in oral English communication (POEC). Santa Ana, CA: LDS & Associates.

Sikorski, L. D. (2005). Regional accents: A rationale for intervening and competencies required. Seminars in Speech and Language, 26, 118-125.

Stoynoff, S., & Chapelle, C. A. (2005). ESOL tests and testing. Alexandria, VA: Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages.

Swan, M., & Smith, B. (2001). Learner English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Uzzell, B., Ponton, M., & Ardila, A. (Eds.). (2007). International handbook of cross-cultural neuropsychology (IHCCN). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Yorkston, K., Beukelman, D., & Tice, R. (1996). Sentence intelligibility test for Macintosh. Lincoln, NE: Communication Disorders Software.

Yorkston, K., Beukelman, D., & Traynor, C. (1984). Assessment of intelligibility of dysarthric speech. Austin, TX: PRO-ED.

Downloads

Published

2024-05-16

How to Cite

Shah, A. P. (2024). Assessing Accented Speech with a Data-Based Assessment Framework: The Key to Evidence-based Accent-Management . Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 11(5), 135–152. https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.115.16953