Ultrasound Evaluation for Varicocele and its Relationship with Sperm Characteristics through Semen Analysis

Authors

  • Ikhlas O. Saeed
  • Ibrahim A. Awad
  • Hamad Elniel H. Eltyib

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.72.7856

Abstract

The safety of the reproductive organs has a great positive impact on the human psyche, so early and accurate diagnosis of scrotal disorders by ultrasound was one of the necessities that puts the individual in the correct path of treatment. This study was conducted to evaluate the significance of ultrasound imaging technology in the diagnosis of varicocele and its relationship with sperm characteristics through semen analysis. We retrospectively reviewed a total of 281 male patients who underwent scrotum ultrasound at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital-Radiology Department between 2017 and 2019 with age range of (11-76) years. Ultrasound result showed 119 (42.3%) had varicocele. Semen analysis was performed for 143 patients and the results showed a significant correlation between sperm characteristics and varicocele disorder (p < 0.001). Imaging of the scrotum by ultrasound is of great importance in diagnosing various andrology diseases, including varicocele, which have clear effects on sperm count and motility.

References

Brenner JS, et al. Causes of painless scrotal swelling in children and adolescents. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Oct. 18, 2017.

Johnson D, et al. Treatment of varicoceles: techniques and outcomes. Fertility and Sterility. 2017;108:378.

Jarow JP. Effects of varicocele on male infertility. Human Reproduction Update 2001; 7 (1): 59-64. Cozzolino DJ, Lipshultz LI. Varicocele as a progressive lesion: positive effect of varicocele repair. Human Reproduction Update 2001;7(1):55-58. 8. Redmon JB, Carey P, Pryor JL. Varicocele-the most common cause of male infertility? Human reproduction Update 2002;8(1):53-58. http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseasesconditions/varicocele/basics/definition/con20024164?p=1

Annoni F, Colpi G, Marincola FM, Negri L. Doppler examination in varicocele: A Standard Method of Evaluation. J Androl 1988; 9 : 250-1

Henry WF, Sommerville IF, Hall RR, Pugh RC. Investigation and treatment of the subfertile male. British Journal of Urology 1973 ;45(6):684-692.

Cockett ATK, Takihara H, Constentino MJ. The varicocele. Fertility and Sterility 1984;41: 5-11.

Kursh ED. What is the incidence of varicocele in a fertile population? Fertility and Sterility 1987;48:510-511. Meacham RB, Townsend RR, Rademacher D, Drose JA. The incidence of varicoceles in the general population when evaluated by physical examination, gray scale sonography and color Doppler sonography. Journal of Urology 1994; 151(6):1535-1538.

Male Infertility Best Practice Policy Committee of the American Urological Association; Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Report on optimal evaluation of the infertile male. Fertil Steril. 2006;86:S202–S209.

Dubin L, Amelar RD. Varicocele size and results of varicocelectomy in selected subfertile men with varicocele. Fertil Steril. 1970;21:606–609. 8. Rowe PJ, Comhaire FH, Hargreave TB, Mahmoud AM. WHO manual for the standardized investigation, diagnosis and management of the infertile male. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2000. Kozakowski KA, Gjertson CK, Decastro GJ, Poon S, Gasalberti A, Glassberg KI. Peak retrograde flow: a novel predictor of persistent, progressive and new onset asymmetry in adolescent varicocele. J Urol 2009; 181(6):2717–22.

Schiff JD, Li PS, Goldstein M. Correlation of ultrasound-measured venous size and reversal of flow with Valsalva with improvement in semenanalysis parameters after varicocelectomy. Fertil Steril. 2006; 86:250.

Bader, T.R., Kammerhuber, F. and Herneth, A.M. (1997 ) Testicular blood flow in boys as assessed at color Doppler and power Doppler sonography. Radiology, 202,559–564.

Foresta, C., Garolla, A., Bettella, A. et al. (1998) Doppler ultrasound of the testis in azoospermic subjects as a parameter of testicular function. Hum. Reprod., 13, 3090–3093.

Tomasz Lorenc, Leszek Krupniewski, Marek Golebiowski. The value of ultrasonography in diagnosis of varicocele. J Ultrason. 2016 Dec; 16(67): 359–370.

Masson P, Brannigan R E. The varicocele. Urol Clin North Am. 2014;41(1):129–144.

Ashok A. Reecha S. Avi H. Sandro C. Effect of varicocele on semen characteristics according to the new 2010 World Health Organization criteria: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Asian J Androl. 2016 Mar-Apr; 18(2): 163–170.

Downloads

Published

2020-03-08

How to Cite

Saeed, I. O. ., Awad, I. A. ., & Eltyib , H. E. H. . (2020). Ultrasound Evaluation for Varicocele and its Relationship with Sperm Characteristics through Semen Analysis. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 7(2), 263–267. https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.72.7856