The Application Of 4/3/2 Technique To Enhance Speaking Fluency Of EFL Students In Indonesia

Authors

  • Hery Yufrizal University of Lampung

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.510.5265

Abstract

The aims of this areticle are firstly to explore the application of 4/3/2 technique in enhancing learners’ speaking fluency and to exspose how fluency practie can help students’ improve their speaking ability. The research was conducted at a language school in Indonesia involving 20 first  year students at the University of Lampung  The students were divided into two teams the speaker team and the listener teams. The speaker team was given the opportunty to speak for three speaaking turns: four minutes, three minutes and two minutes. Later, the teams change roles the speakers become listeners, the listeners became speakers. The topics of   the talks are determined by the group prior to the application or the actitivites. The results showed that students improve their speaking accuracy and fluency.during three speakiing turns.

Author Biography

Hery Yufrizal, University of Lampung

Senior Lecturer

References

Alisyahbana, ST. 1990. The teaching of Engish in Indonesia. In J.M. Britton,R.E Shaffer, and K.Watson(Eds.). Teaching and Learning English Worldwide. Cleveland. Multilingual Matters, Ltd.

Arevart, S. & I.S.P Nation. 1991. Fluency improvement in a second language. RELC Journal 1: 84- 95.

Arab, Oudid, 2016. The Effect of the 4/3/2 Technique on Students’ Speaking Fluency The Case of First Year LMD Students, Frères Mentouri University, Constantine. Revue EXPRESSIONS n°2. Juillet Brumfit. C.J 1994. The Practice of Communicatve Teaching. Pergamon Press Brumfit. C.J 2000. Individual Freedom in Language Teaching. Oxord, Oxford University Press.

Ellis, R. 1994. The study of second language acquisition. Oxford: Oxford University Press Maurice K. 1983. The Fluency Workshop TESOL Newsletter. !7 (4) 29.

Foster,P.&P.Skehan.1996. The influence of planning and task type on second language performance. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 18 :299-323. Higgs, T.V. and Clifford, T. 1992. The Push toward Communication. In T.V Higgs (Ed.) Curriculum, Competence, and the Foreign Language Teacher. Pp.57-136. Lincolnwood, IL. National Textbook, Co Long, M.C. 2007. Problems in SLA Mahwah, NJ Lawrence Erlbaum Associations

Nation, Paul. Improving Speaking Fluency. (1990). Pergamon Press. www.victoria.ac.nz/lals/staff/.../paulnation/1989-Fluency.pdf. {Online}. Available. accessed on December 20, 2011

Nation, P. (1989). Improving speaking fluency. System, 17 (3), 377-384.

Nation, I. Newton, J. (2009). Teaching ESL/ EFL Listening and Speaking. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Nunan, D. 1999. Second Language Teacher Education. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Nunan, D 1993. Second Language Teaching and Learning. Cambrisge, Newbury House. Sajavaara 1987. Second Language Acquisition in a Study Abroad Context. John Benjamin Publishing Company. Schmidt. R. Studies in Second Language Acquisition. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.

Skehan, P. 1996, A framework for the implementation of task- based instruction. Applied Linguistics 17/1: 38-62.

Skehan, P. P. Foster.1999.The influence of task structure and processing conditions on narrative retellings. Language Learning 49/1: 93-120

Stern. H.H. Issues and Options in Language Teaching. Oxford. Oxford University Press. Stren M. 1994. An Introduction to Spoken Interaction. London: Longman Group Limited.

Ur, Penny.1996 A Coutse In Language Teaching. Cambridge University Press

YANG, Y.I.J. (2014a). The Development of Speaking Fluency: The 4/3/2 Technique for the EFL Learners in China. International Journal of Research Studies in Language Learning, 3(4), 55-70.

YANG, Y.I.J. (2014b). The Implementation of Speaking Fluency in Communicative Language Teaching: An Observation of Adopting the 4/3/2 Activity in High Schools in China. International Journal of English Language Education, 2(1), 193-214.

Zhang, Wenzhong. 2002. The Development of L2 Oral Fluency in EFL Classroom Setting. Changsha: Hunan Education Press.

Zhou , Aijie. 2002.A study of the effects of the 4/32 technique on the fluency improvement in oral English. Journal of Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University 2: 102- 105.

Zhou Aijie. 2006.A Further Study of the Effects of the 4/3/2 Technique on Spoken English Production. CELEA Journal 65

Downloads

Published

2018-10-14

How to Cite

Yufrizal, H. (2018). The Application Of 4/3/2 Technique To Enhance Speaking Fluency Of EFL Students In Indonesia. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 5(10). https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.510.5265