An Exploration of the Experiences of Adult Third Culture Kids in Relation to their Sense of Belonging and Social Identity

Abstract

The present study examined the experiences of Third Culture Kids (TCKs), focusing on their ideas of “home,” perceptions of their origins, sense of belonging, and identity formation. The overarching research question guiding the investigation was, “What are the experiences of TCKs in relation to their sense of belonging and social identity?” Participants were required to be at least 18 years old, free from any current mental health diagnoses, and classified as TCKs according to the provided criteria. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and transcribed verbatim. The collected data were analysed using Braun and Clarke’s (2006) six-step thematic analysis framework. Three key themes were identified: a) On the Verge of the Cultural Spectrum, b) I Don’t Belong Here, and c) In the Eyes of the Public. The findings highlighted the complexity of belonging and identity among TCKs, particularly in relation to navigating multiple cultural influences, feelings of not fully belonging to a single place or culture, and the ways in which their identities may be perceived by others. Overall, the study demonstrated that experiences of home, belonging, and social identity among TCKs are complex and shaped by their exposure to different cultural and geographical environments. Despite certain limitations, the study met its objective and provides insights that may contribute to a better understanding of the experiences and challenges faced by TCKs.