U.S. Geopolitical Interests in Cameroon: A Multidimensional Analysis through the Lens of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism

Abstract

Cameroon occupies a strategically significant position in Central Africa, serving as a regional economic hub and a frontline state in counterterrorism operations against Boko Haram and Islamic State West Africa (IS‑WA). The United States has historically viewed Cameroon as a stabilizing force, yet recent developments—including the Anglophone crisis, governance challenges, and rising great‑power competition—have complicated bilateral relations. Drawing on realism, liberalism, and constructivism, this article analyzes the security, institutional, and sociopolitical dimensions of U.S. engagement. It argues that America’s interests in Cameroon are shaped by the interplay of material threats, normative commitments, and identity‑based narratives. The article concludes that U.S. policymakers must adopt a calibrated approach that balances counterterrorism cooperation with credible support for democratic governance, civilian protection, and long‑term stability.