An Assessment of The Effect of Training Practices on Staff Performance: A Case of The University of The Gambia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14738/abr.115.14614Keywords:
Assessment, Training, Staff Performance, Development, PolicyAbstract
The purpose of this paper is to assess the effect of training practices on the performance of the staffs of the University of the Gambia (UTG). A stratified sampling technique was used together with various other methods, including a mixed research approach, using both quantitative and qualitative research to assess the effect of training on staff performance. Primary data was collected from the UTG Human Resources Department and from the academic and administrative members of staff selected from all the Schools of the University, using semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. The quantitative data was gathered using the 5-point Likert scale items, and this was analyzed using Excel. The results of the study were presented together with its interpretation, using tables, pie charts and bar graphs. The findings of the study indicated that on-the job training is widely practised in the University of the Gambia. However, the process of staff training was found to be unplanned and unsystematic. It was further gathered that there is a lack of commitment from the senior management team regarding staff training. Overall, the findings of the study revealed that the training provided in University of the Gambia has not helped them realize any significant improvement in their work performance. These findings are contrary to the general consensus in the literature, which contend that training in fact does help improve staff performance. Nevertheless, taking these findings of the study into consideration, it is recommended that the University of the Gambia need to endeavor to set aside funds solely dedicated for training staffs on a continuous basis. The key recommendation will be to revise its current staff training and development policy to make training more effective.
References
Abiodun, E. J. A (1999). Human resources management: an overview: Concept Publication, Shomolu, Lagos.
Adeleye, A. D., Adegbite, S. A., & Aderemi, H. O. (2014). Training and Manpower Development in Public Research and Development Organizations. International Journal of Academic Research in Management (IJARM), 3 (3), 257-275.
Afshan, S., Sobia, L., Kamran, A., & Nasir, M. (2012). Impact of training on employee performance: a study of telecommunication sector in Pakistan. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 4(6), 646-661.
Aliemu, A. 2016). Assessment of Human Resource Management Practices towards Organizational Performance: The Case of Addis Ababa University.
Alipour, M., Salehi, M., & Shahnavaz, A. (2009). A Study of on-the-Job Training Effectiveness: Empirical Evidence of Iran. International Journal of Business and Management, 4(11), 63.
Amadi, E. J. (2014). The Effect of Training and Development on Employees’ Performance; At Safaricom Limited Call Centre.
Anderson (2004). Training in Practice: Implementation of Plans. New Delhi: Cambridge University Press.
Armstrong, M. (1996), A Handbook on Personnel Management Practice, 5th ed. London: Kogan Publishers.
Armstrong, M. (2001). Human Resource Management Practice, (8th ed.):Kogan Page Publishers.
Armstrong, M. (2002), A Handbook on Personnel Management Practice, 5th ed. London: Kogan Publishers.
Armstrong, M. (2010). Essential Human Resource Management Practice. India: Replika Press Pvt Ltd. Armstrong,
M. (2006), A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice, 10th edition, London.
Aquinas, P. G. (2006). Human Resource Management: Principles and Practices. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House.
Beardwell, L., Holden, L., & Claydon, T. (2004). Human resource management: a contemporary appeal. 4th ed., Harlow: Prentice Hall.
Becker, G. S. (1962). Investment in human capital: A theoretical analysis. Journal of political economy, 70(5, Part 2), 9-49. https://doi.org/10.1086/258724.
Becker, W., Bose, A., & Freeman, V. (2015). An executive take on the top business trends: A McKinsey Global Survey., BE Magazine, 3(2), 60-61.
Berta Dina, 2001, “Dual perceptions of HRD, Issues for Policy: SME/s Other Constituencies, and the contested Definitions” of Human Resource Development, 5(75), pages 604-624
Betcherman, G. (1992). Are Canadian firms underinvesting in training? Canadian Business Economics, 1(1), 25-33.
Carrell, R. M., Kuzmits, F. E., & Elbert, N. F. (1989). Personnel human resource Management, Columbus: Merrill
Publishing Company. Cascio, F. (1989). Managing human resources, 2nd Edition, New York: McGraw Hill.
Chiaburu, D.S., And Tekleab, A.G. (2005). Individual And Contextual Influences On Multiple Dimensions Of Training Effectiveness. Journal Of European Industrial Training, Vol. 29 No. 8, Pp. 604-26.
Cole, G. A. (2002), Personnel and Human Resource Management, 5th ed. Continuum London: York Publishers Colarelli, S. M., & Montei, M. S. 1996. Some Contextual Influences on Training Utilization. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 32(3): 306-322. 13
Dabale, W. P., Jagero, N., & Nyauchi, M. (2014). The relationship between training and employee performance: The case of Mutare city council, Zimbabwe. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 4(4), 61-72. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v4i4.6620 Daft, L. R. (2008). Management. 9th ed. USA: South-Western Cengage Learning.
Daft, L. R. (2008). Management. 9th ed. USA: South-Western Cengage Learning.
Dahiyal, S., & Jha, A. (2011). Training Need Assessment: A Critical Study. International Journal of Information Technology and Knowledge Management, 263-267.
Decouza, David A. and Robbins, Stephen P. (1996) Human Resource Practice, 5th ed. New York: john Wiley & Sons Inc.
Dessler, G (2008). “Human Resource Management”, 11th ed. London: Pearson Education Limited Pages 130 -147
Elnaga, A., & Imran, A. (2013). The effect of training on employee performance. European Journal of Business and Management, 5(4), 137-147.
Falola, H. O., Osibanjo, A. O., & Ojo, S. I. (2014). Effectiveness of Training and Development on Employees’ Performance and Organization Competitiveness in the Nigerian Banking Industry. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov Series v: Economic Sciences. Page 163
Farooq, M. & Aslam M.K. (2011), Impact of Training and Feedback on Employee Performance, Far East Journal of Psychology and Business. 5(1).
Grobler, P. A., Warnich, S., Carrel, M. R., Elbert, N., & Hatfield, R. D. (2002). Human resource management in South Africa, London: Thomson Learning.
Grund, C., & Martin, J. (2012). Determinants of further training–evidence for Germany. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(17), 3536-3558. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2011.654347
Guest, D. E. (1997). Human resource management and industrial relations. Journal of Management Studies, 24(5), 503–521. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.1987.tb00460.x
Guest, D. 1997. Human Resource Management and Performance: A Review and Research Agenda International Journal of Human Resource Management, 8, 3: 263-76.
Hogarh, J. K. (2012). The Effect of Training on Staff Performance: A Case Study of SIC Insurance Company Limited.
Hafeez, U., & Akbar, W. (2015). Impact of training on employees’ performance (evidence from pharmaceutical companies in Karachi, Pakistan). Business Management and Strategy, 6(1), 49-64. https://doi.org/10.5296/bms.v6i1.7804
Harrison, R. (2000). Employee development. Silver Lakes, Pretoria: Beekman Publishing.
Jia- Fang L., Tjosvold, D. & Shi,K. (2010), Team Training In China: Testing And Applying The Theory Of Cooperation And Competition, Journal Of Applied Social Psychology. 40(1), 101-134.
Kathiravan, N., Devadasas, S. R. And Zakkeer, M. M. (2006). Quality Oriented Improvement Training, Industrial and Data Systems. Emerald Group Publishers, 106(3), Pp. 380-406.
Kennedy, J. (2009). The Impact of Training and Development on Job Performance (A Case Study of the Judicial Service of Ghana).
Kenney A.C Papendick R.I, (1992) Management Made Easy, 1st ed. South Carolina: Omron
Khan, M. (2012). The impact of training and motivation on performance of employees. IBA Business Review, 7(2), 84-95.
Kirkpatrick, D.L. (1998). Evaluating training programs: The four levels. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler.
Kiweewa, S. B., & Asiimwe, S. B. (2014). Does training influence employee performance in regulatory organizations in Uganda? Empirical evidence from UCC. Merit Research Journal of Business and Management, 2(2), 21-29. Kotler, P., & Armstrong, G. (2002). Marketing: an introduction. 6th ed., London: Prentice-Hall.
Krietner, S. (1995), The Good Manager’s Guide, 1st ed. London: Synene Publishers
Kulkarni, P. Pallavi (2013). A Literature review on Training &Development and Quality of Work Life, International Reffered Research Journal, University of Dune, India, pp.1-2.
Laird, D, Naquin, S.S, Holton, E.F (2003).” Approaches to Training and Development, 3rd ed. Cambridge: Persus Publishing
Landale, G. (2000). “Gower Handbook of Training and Development”, 3rd ed. England: Gower Publishing Limited. Pp 78 – 85
Mckinsey Quarterly (2006), “An Executive Take on The Top Business Trends”, A Mckinsey Global Survey.
Meyer, J.P. Allen N.J. (1991) A Three-Component Conceptualization of Organizational Commitment, Human Resource Management Review 1 (1), 61-89.
Miller, J.A, and Osinski, D.M. (2002), Training Needs Assessment. SHRM, Training and Development Committee. th
Mondy, W. R., & Noe, R. M. (1990). Human Resource Management, 4 ed. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Motlokoa, M. E., Sekantsi, L. P., & Monyoloc, R. P. (2018). The Impact of Training on Employees’ Performance: The Case of Banking Sector in Lesotho. International Journal of Human Resource Studies.
Mulang, A. (2015). The Importance of Training for Human Resource Development in Organization. Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 5 (1), 190-197.
Nassazi, A. (2013). Effects of Training on employee performance: evidence from Uganda, Thesis, University of Applied Sciences.
Neelam, T., Yousafzai, K. I., Jan, S. D., & Muhammad, H. (2014). The Impact of Training and Development on Employees Performance and Productivity A Case Study of United Bank Limited Peshawar City, KPK, Pakistan. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences.
Niazi, A. S. (2011). Training and Development Strategy and Its Role in Organizational Performance. Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 1 (2), 42-57.
Nkosi, M, Simon (2015). Effects of Training on Employee Commitment, Retention and Performance: A Case Study of a Local Municipality in South Africa, European Journal of Business and Management, Vol. 7, No.15, Paper ISSN: 2222-1905, Print ISSN: 2222-2839, pp.1-7.
Noe, R. A. (2008). Employee training and development, 5th ed., New York: McGraw-Hill.
Panagiotopoulos, G., & Karanikola, Z. (2017), Training of human resource and job satisfaction, Global Journal of Human Resource Management, 5(7), 36-45.
Peteraf, M. A. (1993). The cornerstones of competitive advantage: a resource‐based view. Strategic management journal, 14(3), 179-191. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250140303
Pigors, P., & Myers, A. C. (1989). Personnel administration: a point of view and method, 9th ed., New York: McGraw Hill Book Company.
P. Subba Rao (2009), “Essentials of Human Resource management and Industrial Relations”, Himalaya Publication House, 3rd Revised & Enlarged Edition.
Rae, L (2000). Effective Planning in Training and Development, 1st ed. London: Kogan Page Publishers
Rao, P. S. (1990). Personnel/Human Resource Management: Text, Cases and Games. Delhi: Konark Publishers.
Scarpello, V., & Ledvinka, J. (1988). Personnel/Human Resource Management-Environments and Functions. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 10-12.
Stavrinoudis, T., & Psimoulis, M. (2015). The effect of employee-training on HRM performance in the hotels of
Attica, University of the Aegean, Greece. Stoner, J. A. F. (1996). Management, 6th ed., Australia: Pearson Education.
Sultana, A., Irum, S., Ahmed, K., & Mehmood, N. (2012). Impact of training on employee performance: A study of telecommunication sector in Pakistan. Interdisciplinary Journal of contemporary research in business, 4(6), 646-661. Swanepoel, B. J. (2000). South African human resource management theory and practice, 4th ed., South Africa: Juta and Co. Ltd.
Swanepoel, B. J. (2000). South African human resource management theory and practice, 4th ed., South Africa: Juta and Co. Ltd.
Tahir et al (2014). The Impact of Training and Development on Employees Performance and Productivity: A Case Study of United Bank Limited Peshawar City, KPK, Pakistan, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Vol.4, No.4, ISSN: 2222-6990, pp.1-6.
Tai, W. T., (2006). Effects of Training Framing, General Self-efficacy and Training Motivation on Trainees’ Training Effectiveness, Emerald Group Publishers, 35(1), pp. 51-65.
Trang, H. N. (2014). Training Affects the Employee's Performance.
Weil, A., & Woodall, J. (2005). Human Resource Development in France: the corporate perspective, Journal of European Industrial Training, 29(7), 529-540, https://doi.org/10.1108/03090590510621036.
Wright, P. C., & Geroy, G. D. (2010) Changing the mindset: the training myth and the need for world-class performance, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 12(4), 586-600. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190122342
Zulkifli, I., & Duasa, J. (2009). Determinants of training and its impact on firm’s performance: evidence from Malaysia, The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, 52(3), 433-447. Retrieved from: http://smallbusiness.chron.com/importance-training-development-workplace-10321.html;00:13, 03.03.2019 Retrieved from: www.whatishumanresource.com/training-and-development; 00:15, 03.03.2019 Retrieved from: https://www.educba.com/employee-most-valuable-intangible-assets/; 00:30, 03.03.2019 Retrievedfrom: https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=steps+in+the+training+process&id=968A48E147DD7B599CBB46D4838A39694E3E2D96&FORM=IQFRBA; 14:00, 25.11.2019
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Fatoumata Binta Zahra Jobe, Matarr Njie

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.