Introductory Linguistics – Study Guide

Annie A. Parmis
  • Department of Liberal Arts and Behavioral Sciences (DLABS), Visayas State University, Philippines
  • Keywords:
  • Linguistic Terms, Theoretical Linguistics, Cognitive Linguistics, Gestalt Psychology
  • Abstract:
  • This Study Guide in Introduction to Linguistics deals with the different Subfields of Linguistics (particularly Phonetics, Phonology, Morphology, Syntax, Semantics, and Pragmatics) and Related Fields. The images presented in Figures 1-15 provide some insights to facilitate the students’ imagination and creativity that can very well help enhance their English vocabulary. The Midterm and Final exams require the students to reinforce their learning through thorough and extra reading on the topics presented in each unit. The Exercises as well as the Assessments can trigger the students to practice, reinforce, and discover the wonders of exploring the English language as they face the challenges to be at pace with the modern world of words.
Introductory Linguistics – Study Guide
PDF
Published
  • December 30, 2020
Categories
  1. Al-Thamery, A. (2020). Cognitive Linguistics: An Overview. Retrieved from Slideshare.
  2. Allen, James, 1864-1912. (1951). As a man thinketh. Mount Vernon, N.Y.: Peter Pauper Press.
  3. Anderson, Sr. (1992). A-morphous morphology. Cambridge University Press.
  4. Anderson, John, M., and Ewen, Colin J. (1987). Principles of dependency phonology. Cambridge University Press.
  5. Archived Collection: Leeds Archive of Vernacular Culture, (Survey of English Dialects, and the Institute of Dialect and
  6. Folk Life Studies). Retrieved 15 June 2019.
  7. An Introduction to forensic linguistics: Language in evidence written by Malcolm Coulthard, and Alison Johnson.
  8. Ariel, Mira (2010). Defining Pragmatics. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-73203-1.
  9. Aristotle’s Rhetoric, Book I, Chapter 2, Section 1359 (trans. W. Rhys Roberts) [https://web.archive.org/web/20080916083515/http://www/public.iastate.edu/~honeyl/Rhetoric/rhet1-4.html Archived 16 September 2008 at the Wayback Machine; Aristotle, Rhetoric 1.2.1, “Archived copy”. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012. Retrieved 19 October 2011.
  10. Aronof, M. (1976). Word Formation in generative grammar. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  11. Aronow, R. & Bannar, K. (2020). The Basics About Acoustic Phonetics. Retrieved from linguisticsnetwork.com
  12. Ayer, A., K., & O’Grady, J. (1992). A Dictionary of Philosophical Quotations. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers. P.484.
  13. Bartell, M. (2003). Internationalization of universities: A university culture-based framework. Higher Education, 45(1), 44, 46, 48, 49.
  14. Basturkmen, H. & Elder, C. (2004). “The Practice of LSP”, in The Handbook of Applied Linguistics ed. by A. Davies & C. Elder, Oxford: Blackwell, 672-694.
  15. Baumbach, E. J. M (1987). Analytical Tsonga Grammar. Pretoria: University of South Africa.
  16. Bauer, Laurie., (2003). Introducing linguistic morphology (2nd edition). Washington, DC. Georgetown University Press. ISBN 0-87849-343-4.
  17. BBC News, The Philippines: The World’s Budget Teacher, Kate McGeown: (http://www.bbc.com/news/business-20066890)
  18. Blackburn, Simon, ed. 2008. “Structuralism.” In Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy (2nd rev. ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-954143-0.p.353.
  19. Bloomfield, Leonard (1933). Language. New York: H. Holt and Company. (Revised version of Bloomfield’s 1914. An Introduction of the Study of language.)
  20. Biografio de Jules Meysmans> Informilo por interlingvistoj, 2015, p. 14 (ISSN 1385-2191, online (PDF) archive
  21. Borchert, Donald M., ed. (1967). “Epistemology”. Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Macmillan.
  22. Brady, Marian C.; Kelly, Helen; Godwin, Jon; Enderby, Pam; Campbel, Pauline (2016-06-01). “Speech and language therapy for aphasia following stroke”. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016 (6): CD000425. doi.10.1002/14651858.CD000425.pub4hdl:1893/26112. ISSN 1469-493X. PMID 27245310.
  23. Brinton: D. M., Snow, M. A., & Wesche, M. B. (1989). Content-based second language instruction. New York: Newbury House.
  24. Bubenik, Vit (1999). An introduction to the study of morphology. LINCON coursebooks in linguistic 07, Muechen: LINCOM Europe: ISBN 3-89586-570-2.
  25. Bunge, Mario (1998). Semiotic Systems. In: Althmann & Koch (ed.). Systems. A New Paradigm for the Human Sciences. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter, 337-349.
  26. Bybee, JL., (1985). Morphology: A study of the relation between meaning and form. Amsterdam. Benjamins Carstairs-McCarthy. A Current morphology. London: Routledge.
  27. Candea, Maria (2005). “Inter-and intra-language acoustic analysis autonomous fillers.
  28. Calhaun, Craig, ed. 2002. “Structuralism.” In Dictionary of the Social Sciences. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195123715.
  29. Cameron, K. S., (1984). Organizational adaptation and higher education. Journal of Higher Education 55(2), 123.
  30. Chomsky, N. (1993). Language and thought. Wakefield, R.I.: Moyer Bell.
  31. Chomsky, N. (1965). Aspects of the theory of syntax. M.I.T. Press.
  32. Cobarrubias, Juan. “Ethical Issues in Status Planning”. Progress in Language Planning: International Perspectievs. Eds. Juan Cobarrubias and Joshua Fishman. New York: Mouton Publishers, 1983.
  33. Collins Cobuild English Dictionary (1995) (new edition). The University of Birmingham. Harper Collins Publishers.
  34. Comrie, Bernard (1990). The World’s Major Languages. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press ISBN 0-19-506511-5.
  35. Cooper, Robert (1989). Language planning and social change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p.30
  36. Corbett, E. P. J., (1990). Classical rhetoric for the modern student. New York: Oxford University Press., p. 1.; Young, R. E., Becker, A. L., & Pike , K. L. (1970). Rhetoric: discovery and change New York,: Harcourt Brace & World. p. 1.
  37. Corbett, Edward P. J., Robert J. Connors (1999). Classical Rhetoric For the Modern Student (4th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 1,18. ISBN 9780195115420.
  38. Corcoran, John. Then a colleague of Harris in Linguistics at University of Pennsylvania, summarized and critically examined the development of Harris’s though on discourse through 1969 in lectures attended by Harris’s colleagues and students in Philadelphia and Cambridge.
  39. Corcoran, John (1972). Plotz, Senta (ed.). “Harris on the Structures of Language”. Transformationelle Analyse. Frankfurt: Athenaum Verlag: 275-292.
  40. Coulmas, Florian; Guerini, Federica (2012), “Literacy and Writing Reform”, in Spolsky, Bernard (ed.). The Cambridge Handbook of Language Policy, Cambridge University Press, p.454f.
  41. Coulthard, M., & Johnson, A. (2007). An introduction to forensic linguistics: Language in evidence. London: Routledge.
  42. Coutarat, Louis (1907). Le nouvelle langues internationals. Paris: Hachette. With Leopold Leau. Republished 2001, Olms.
  43. Coutarat, Louis (1910). Etude sur la derivation dans la langue internationals. Paris: Delagrave. 100
  44. Critique of Pure Reason, A 61
  45. Crystal, David (1990). Linguistics. Penguin Books: ISBN 978-0140135312.
  46. Croft, W., &Cruse, D. (2004). Introduction: What is cognitive linguistics? In Cognitive Linguistics, pp.1-4. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press.
  47. Cruse, Alan: Meaning and Language: An introduction to Semantic and Pragmatics, Chapter 1, Oxford Textbooks in Linguistics, 2004; Kearns, Kate: Semantics, Palgrave MacMillan 2000; Cruse, D. A., Lexical Semantics, Cambridge, MAL 1986.
  48. Culler, Jonathan., (1997). Literary Theory: Oxford University Press.
  49. C.F. Levin, S. R., (1965). “Internal and external deviation in poetry”, Word 21, 225-237, on internal deviation.
  50. Dahmen, Silvia & Weth, Constanze. (2018). Phonetik, Phonologie und Schrift. Leiden [i.a.] Ferdinand Schoningh. ISBN 9783838547527.
  51. Dale, Jacquette, A Companion to Philosophical Logic, Wiley-Blackwell: 2002.
  52. De Beaugrande, R., & Dressler, W,U., (1981). Introduction to text linguistics/ Robert-Alain De Beaugrande, Wolfgang Ulrich Dressler, London; New York: Longman, 1981.
  53. Deleuze, Gilles. 2002. “How Do We Recognize Structuralism?” In Desert Island and Other Texts 1953-1974. Trans Dacid Lapoujade. Ed. Michael Taormina. Semiotext(e) Foreign Agents ser. Los Angeles and New York: Semiotext(e) 2004. 170-192. ISBN 1058435-018-0:p. 170
  54. De Saussure, F. (1986). Course in general linguistics (3rd ed.). (R. Harris, Trans). Chicago: Open Court Publishing Company. (Original work published 1972). P. 9-10, 15.
  55. Diogenes Laertius, IX 25ff and VIII 57.
  56. Di Peitro, R. J. (1971). “Contrastive Linguistics and bilingual lexicography”, in Woeterbuecher/Dictionaries/Dictionnaries. International Encyclopedia of Lexixography ed. by F. J. Hausmann et al. (Vol. III, pp. 2854-2859), De Gruyter.
  57. Discourse Analysis –What Speakers Do in Conversation. Linguistic Society of America. Retrieved 2019-11-25.
  58. Doke, Clement M. (1926). The Phonetics of the Zulu Language. Bantu Studies. Johannesburg: Wiwatersrand University Press.
  59. Donohue, Mark (2007). “Lexicography for Your Friends.” In Terry Crowley, Jeff Siegel, & Dianna Eades (eds.). Language Description, History and Development: Linguistic Indulgence in Memory of Terry Crowley. Pp. 395-406. Amsterdam: Benjamins, p. 396.
  60. Eble, C. Connie (1996). Slang & Sociability, UNC Press.
  61. Eco, Umberto (1995). The search for the perfect la nguage. Oxford: ISBN 0-631-17465-6.
  62. Edglossary.org
  63. Elenchus – Wiktionary.
  64. Ellingboe, B. J., (1998). Divisional strategies to internationalize a campus portrait: Results, resistance and recommendations from a case study at a U.S. university in Mestenhauser, J. A. and Ellingboe, B. J. (eds.), Reforming the Higher Education Curriculum: Internationalizing the Campus. Phoenix, AZ: American Council on Education and Oryx Press, 199.
  65. en.m.wikipedia.org
  66. Epistemology. Encyclopedia Britannica. Retried 22 June 2020.
  67. Epistemology. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  68. Esslin, Martin., (1990). The Signs of Drama. Oxford University Press.
  69. Hirsh, E. D. Jr., (1990). The Tower of Babel. Oxford University Press.
  70. Factor, Stewart; Weiner, William (2008). Parkinson’s disease: Diagnosis & clinical management: Second edition (2nd, rev. and updat;2;ed.). ed.). U.S.: Demos Medical Publishing. Pp. 77-83.ISBN 981933864006.
  71. Federico, Gobbo, Interlinguistics and Esperanto Studies in the new millennium, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Center for Language and Communication, 27 March 2015.
  72. Federico Gobbo, Interlinguistics in the 21st century: planned languages as a tool to learn linguistics by doing , University of Amsterdam, 24 March 2017.
  73. Firth, J. R. (1968). Selected Papers of J.R. Firth, 1952- 1959. London: Longman. p. 183.
  74. Forough Sayadi, ‘The Translation of Neologisms’, Translation Journal, 2011. http://traslationjournal.net/journal/56neologism.htm
  75. Freeman, D. E. & Freeman, Y. (2014). Essential linguistics: what you need to know to teach reading, ESL, spelling, phonics and grammar. (2nd ed.). Heinemann Publishers.
  76. Frees, Craig (1991). “ The Historiography of Dialectology (PDF). Lore and Language. 10 (2): 67-74. Retrieved 11 February 2018.
  77. Fromkin, V., Rodman, R., & Hyams, N. (2007). An introduction to language, Boston, MA: Thomson Wadsworth.
  78. Fujimura, Osamu (1961). “Bilabial stop and nasal consonants: A motion pictures study and its acoustical implications”. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research. 4(3): 233-47. doi:10.1044/jshr.0403.233. PMID 13702471.
  79. Gibbons, J. (ed). (1994). Language and the Law. Londres y Nueva York: Longman.
  80. Grady, William, et. al (2005). Contemporary Linguistics: An Introduction (5th ed). Bedford/ St. Martin’s ISBN 0-312-41936-8.
  81. Greenwood, John D. (1999). “Understanding the ‘cognitive revolution’ in psychology”. Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences: 35(1): 1-22. Doi.10.1002/(SICI) 1520-6696 (199924). 35:1<1::AID-JHBS1>3.0.CO;2-4. Retrieved 2020-02-22.
  82. Griol, David; Molina, Jose Manuel; Callejas, Zoraida(2019-01-31). “Combining speech-based and linguistic classifiers to recognize emotion in user spoken utterances”. Neurocomputing. 326-132-140. Doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2017.01.120. ISSN 0925-2312.
  83. Gu, Yueguo (1990). “Politeness phenomena in modern Chinese”. Journal of Pragmatics, 3, 237-257.
  84. Guthrie, Malcolm (1948). The classification of the Bantu languages. London: Oxford University Press.
  85. Haken, Hermann & Graham, R., (1971). Synergetik. Die Lehre vom Zusammenwirken. Umschau 6, 191.
  86. Halle, M., & Marantz. (1993). Distributed morphology and the pieces of inflection. In K Hale and SJ Keyser [eds.], The view from building 20. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press: 111-176. Marchard, H. (1969). Types of present-day English word-formation. Munich: C. H. Beck.
  87. Halliday, M.A. K. and Hassan, R. (1973). “Explorations in the functions of language. London: Edward Arnold. Chicago (Author-Date, 15th ed).
  88. Halliday, M.A.K. (2004). Introduction: How Big is a Language? On the Power of Language. In the Language of Science: Volume 5 in the Collected Works of M.A.K. Edited by J.J. Webster. London and New York: Continuum. P. xi.
  89. Halliday, M.A.K., Jonathan Webster (2006). On Language and Linguistics. Continuum International Publishing Group. p.vii. ISBN 978-0-8264-8824-4.
  90. Halliday, M. (1994). An Introduction on Functional Grammar (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  91. Harper, Douglas. “Scienve”. Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved September 20, 2014.
  92. Hartmann, R.R.K. (1997). “From contrastive contrastive textology to parallel text corpora: Theory and applications”, in Language History and Linguistic Modelling. A Festschrift for Jacek Fisiak ed. by R. Hickeys & S. Puppel. De Gruyter.
  93. Hatim, B. (1997). Communication across Cultures. Translation Theory and Contrastive Text Linguistics, University of Exeter Press.
  94. Helge Niska, ‘Explorations in translational creativity: Strategies for interpreting neologisms’, 1998. http://www.oocities.org/~tolk/lic/kreeng2.htm
  95. Hempel, Carl Gustav. (1952). Fundamentals of concept formation in empirical science. In: International Encyclopedia of Unified Science II 7. Chicago.
  96. Heltai, P. (1988). “Contrastive analysis of terminological systems and bilingual technical dictionaries”, International Journal of Lexicography Vol. 1(1) pp. 32-40.
  97. Holmes, Janet (2001). An Introduction to Sociolinguistics, (second ed.). Harlow, Essex: Longman. pp. 73-94. ISBN 978-0-582-32861-7.; for more discussion of sets of grammars as populations, see: Croft, William (2000). Explaining Language Change: An Evolutionary Approach. Harlow, Essex: Longman. pp. 13-20. ISBN 978-0-582-35677-1. (eds.), The handbook of language teaching (pp. 201-217). Singapore: Wiley-Blackwell.
  98. Hyland, K. (2009). Specific purpose programs. In M.H. Long & C. J. Doughty
  99. http://www.grim.com/en/e-book/151735/neologism-in-the-lexical-system-of-modern-english.
  100. https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/categories/words/.
  101. Https://opem/conted.ox.ac.uk/site/open/conted.ox/ac.uk/files/resourses/Create% 20Document/PLA_HO3_).pdf
  102. http://www/theatlantic.com/national/archive/2011/03/the-corpus-in-the-court-like-lexis-on-steriods/72054/
  103. Huang, Yan (2007). Pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  104. Hutchinson & Waters (1987). Robinson (1980). Swales, 185 (1992). Hyland 2002.
  105. Instagram.com/cambridgewords/ #Vocabulary #LearnEnglish
  106. International Phonetic Association (1999). Handbook of the International Phonetic Accosication. Cambridge University Press.
  107. International Phonetic Association (2015). International Phonetic Alphabet. International Phonetic Association.
  108. Isaac, Daniela., Charles Reiss (2013). I-Language: An Introduction to Linguistics as Cognitive Science, 2nd edition. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199660179.
  109. Jacqueline, L. Kam-Mei (2001). “A study of semi-technical vocabulary in computer science texts, with special reference to ESP teaching and lexicography”. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1783.1/1056
  110. James, G. & Purchase, J. (1996). English in Business Studies and Economics. A Corpus-based Lexical Analysis, Hong Kong: Language Centre, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.
  111. Jarski, Veronica (2020). Social Media Words You Need To Know. Retrieved from: agoraplulse.com
  112. Journal of Language and Politics. John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  113. Kaplan, B., Robert, and Richard B. Baldauf Jr. Language Planning from Practice to Theory. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters ltd., 1997
  114. Karl-Heinz Best: Quantitative Linguistik. Eine Annaherung. 3., stark uberarbeitete and erganzte Auflage. Peust & Gutschmidt, Gottingen 2006, ISBN: 3-933043-17-4.
  115. Keating, Patricia, Lahiri, Aditi (1993). “Fronted Velars, Palatalized Velars, and Palatals”. Phonetica. 50 (2): 73-101. doi.10.1159/000261928. PMID 8316582.
  116. Kohler, Reinhard, (1986). Zur linguistischen Synerhgetik. Struktur und Dynamik der Lexik. BochumL Brochmeyer.
  117. Kohler, Reinhard, (1990). Elemente der synergetischen Linguistik. Glottometrika 12: 179-188.
  118. Kohler, Reinhard, (1995). Bibliography of quantitative linguistics= Bibliography of quantitative linguistics= Bibliographie zur quantitativen Linguistik=Bibliografia po kvantitativnoj lingvistike. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
  119. Kohler, Reinhard (2005). Synergetic Linguistics. In: Kohler, Gabriel Althmann & Rajmund G. Piotrowski (eds.). Quantitative Linguistik. Ein internationals Handbuch, Quantitative Linguistics. An Inernational Handbook. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter, 760-775.
  120. Kohler, Reinhard & Martinakova, Zuzana, 1998. A systems theoretical approach to language and music. In: Altmann, Gabriel & Koch, Walter A. (eds.). Systems. A new paradigm for the human sciences. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter, 514-546.
  121. Kohler, Reinhard. Gegenstand und Arbeitsweise der quantitativen Linguistik. In: Reinhard Kohler, Gabriel Altmann & Rajmund G. Piotrowski (eds). Quantitative Linguistik. Ein internationals Gandbuck. Quantitative Linguistics. An international Handbook. (=HSK27) Berlin, New York: de Gruyter, 1-15.
  122. Kohler, Reinhard & Altmann, Gabriel. Quantitative Linguistics. In: Colm Hogan, Patrich (ed.). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the Languages Sciences. (to appear).
  123. Krampen, Martin. 1981. “Phytosemiotics.” Semiotica 36(3): 187-209.
  124. Kutschera, Franz von. (1972). Wissenschafttheorie Bd. 1.Munchen:Fink.
  125. Ladefoged, Peter (1993). A Course in Phonetics (3rd ed.). Harcourt Brace College Publishers. P. 60.
  126. Language: An Introduction, Lehmann, W. P., 1983, Random House
  127. Language – NeologismslBritannica. www.britannica.com
  128. Larson, Mildred, L. (1984). Meaning based Translation. USA: University Press of America.
  129. Laver, John Principles of Phonetics (1994). Cambridge University Press.
  130. Leech, G. N., (1979). Semantics. Auxland: Pengins Books.
  131. Leech, G. (1983). Principles of Pragmatics, London: Longman, pp. xiv+250
  132. Leech, G. (2008). Language in Literature: Style and Foregrounding, Harlow,England: Pearson Longman, pp.xii+222
  133. Lehmann, Christian.: Auditive Phonetik, in: christianlehmann.eu, unter: https://www.christianlehmann.eu/ling/lg_system/phon/index.html? https://www.christianlehmann.eu/ling/lg_system/phon/03_auditive_phonetik.php, letzter Zugriff am 19.09.2020
  134. Level Up: English Language. www.allinfo.org.uk. Retrieved by 2016-10-05.
  135. Libert, Alan (2000). A priori artificial languages (Languages of the world). Lincom Europa. ISBN: 3-89586-667-9.
  136. Mambrol, Nasrullah (2016-03-20). “Structuralism”. Literary Theory and Criticism Notes. Retrieved 2017. 06-29.
  137. Martinet, Andre (1960). Elements of General Linguistics. Studies in General Linguistics, vol.i. Translated by Elisabeth Palmer Rubbert. London: Faber. P. 15.
  138. Matthews, PH (1991). Morphology (2nd edition). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  139. McCarthy, Corinne., (2014). Morphology. How Are Words Formed. Popular Linguistics.
  140. McTaggart, J.M.E., (1964). A commentary on Hegel’s logic. New York: Russell & Russell. P. 11
  141. Neoenglish Posted on December 26, 2010.
  142. Neologisms (new words) (2014) onwardslGPB
  143. Newmark, P. A. Text book of translation, Prentice Hall International (UK) Ltd: 1988.
  144. Niska, H. (1998). Explorations in translational creativity: Strategies for interpreting neologisms. Workshop paper, 8th Aug, Stockholm University. Available from: http://lisa.tolk.su.se/kreeng2.htm
  145. O’Grady, William; Dobrovolsky, Michael; Katamba, Francis (1969). Contemporary Linguistics: An Introduction. Harlow, Essex: Longman, pp. 4-7, 464-539. ISBN 978-0-582-24691-1.
  146. Okrent, Arika (2009). In the Land of Invented Languages: Esperanto Rock Stars, Kling Poets, Loglan Lovers, and the Mad Dreamers Who Tried to Build A Perfect Language. Spiegel & Grau. pp. 352 ISBNc 978-0-385-52788-0.
  147. Orthography, Online Etymology Dictionary.
  148. Oisson John (2004). Forensic Linguistics: An Introduction to Language, Crime and the Law. London, Continuum.
  149. Palmer, I.R., (1981). Semantics. Cambridge University Press.
  150. Pascual Perez-Paredes, TEMA 5: A Review of text-oriented tools and data mining essentials from Recursos, Herramientas y Nuevas tecnologias para los Estudios Ingleses.
  151. Paul Thibault, Agency and Consciousness in Discourse: Self-Other Dynamics as a Complex System, Continuum, 2004, p. 209.
  152. Peters, Bert (1998). “Cognitive musings” Word 49(2): 225-237. Doi:10.1080/00437956/1998/11673884
  153. Peter Ladefoged and Ian Maddieson (1996). The Sounds of the World’s Languages. Blackwell: ISBN 0-631-19815-6.
  154. Peterson, David (2015). The Art of Language Invention (1st ed.). Penguin Books. P. 22. ISBN 978-014326461.
  155. Peirce, Charles Sanders. 1934[1907] “A Survey of Pragmaticism.” P. 473. In the Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce 5, edited by C. Hartshorne and P. Weiss. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. [originally titled “Excerpts from “Pragmatism (Editor [3]”]
  156. Peirce, Charles Sanders. 1977 [1908]. Letter to Lady Welby 23 December 1908” [letter]. Pp. 73-86 in Semiotic and Significs: The Correspondence between C.S. Peirce and Victoria Lady Welby, edited by C.S. Hadwick and J. Cook. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
  157. Phillips, J. K. (2007). Foreig Language Education: Whose Definition?. The Modern Language Journal, 91(2), 266-268. ISSN 00267902. Richards, Jack C.; Theodore S. Rodgers (2001). Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching. Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 0-521-00843-3.
  158. Philippine English Vocabulary: A Semantic Study, Louise Ann P. Porciuncula: (http://www.academia.edu/3997144/Philippine_English_Vocabulary_A_Semantic_Study)
  159. Pike, K.L. (1958). “On tagmemes, nee gramemes”, International Journal of American Linguistics 24(4): 273ff.
  160. Pinker, S. (1999). Words and rules. New York: Basic Books
  161. Plato, Gorgias. The Classical Library.
  162. Popper, K. (1962). The Open Society and its Enemies, Volume 1, London, Routledge, p. 133.
  163. Popper, Karl R. (1971). Das Elend des Historizismus. Tubingern: Mohr.
  164. Preface to Colin McGinn, Logical Properties: Identity, Existence, Predication, Necessity, Truth, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000 (ISBN 0-19-926263-2).
  165. Ray, Alein, Essays on Terminology, Translated and edited by Juan C. Sager, Amsterdam: John Benjamins publishing Company, 199.
  166. Rens Bod (2014). A New History of the Humanities: The Search for Principles and Patterns from Antiquity to the Present. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-966521-1.
  167. Resentel Temy (2020). Functional theories of grammar. Retrieved from scribd.com
  168. fluent.com
  169. Review of Language as Social Semiotic: The Social Interpretation of Language and Meaning by M. A. K. Halliday, reviewer: Greg Urban, University of Texas at Austin, American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 84, No.3 (Sep., 1981), pp. 659-661. Blackwell Publishing on behalf of the American Anthropological Association https://www.sas.upenn.edu/~gurban/pdfs/reviews/Urban-Language_as_Social_Semiotic.pdf
  170. Rodney Huddleston and Geoffrey K. Pullum, 2002. The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press, p. 627.
  171. Roger Fowler, (1991). Language in the News: Discourse and Ideology in the Press. London/New York: Routledge.
  172. Quirk, R. ‘Towards a description of English Usage’. Transaction of the Philological Society, 1960. 40-61.
  173. Quirk, R., Greenbaum, S., Leech, G. and Svartvik, J. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language London: Longman 1985.
  174. Rapp, Christof. “Aristotle’s Rhetoric-The Agenda of the Rhetoric, Stanford, Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
  175. Reinhard Kohler with the assistance of Christian Hoffmann: Bibliography of Quantitative Linguistics. Benjamins, Amsterdam/Philadelphia 1995, ISBN 90-272-3751-4.
  176. Reinhard Kohler, Gabriel Altmann, Gabriel, Rajmund G. Piotrowski (eds.): Quantitative Linguistik – Quantitative Linguistics. Ein internationals Handbuch – An International Handbook. de Gruyter, Berlin/ New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015578-8.
  177. theculture.com, 5 September 2017
  178. Robinson, Peter (2008). Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics and Second Language Acquisition Routledge. pp.3-8. ISBN 978-0-805-85352-0.
  179. Rogers, Everett M., Hart, William B., & Yoshitaka Miike (2002). Edwart T. Hall and The History of Intercultural Communication: The United States and Japan. Keio Communication Review No. 24, 1-5.
  180. Schwarz, Friesel, Monica (2012). “On the status of external evidence in the theories of cognitive linguistics”. Language Sciences. 34 (6): 656-664. Doi:10.1016/j.langsci.2012.04.007
  181. Schubiger, Maria (2020). Einfuhrung in die Phonetik. Berlin: De Gruyter. ISBN 9783112320693.
  182. Scoville, Priscila. “Amarna Letters”. Ancient History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 3 November 2018.
  183. Sebeok, Thomas A. 2012. “Afterword” Pp. 365-83 in Semiotic Prologues, edited by J. Deely and M. Danesi. Ottawa: Legas.
  184. Seidenberg, Mark S. (1992). “Beyond Orthographic Depth in Reading: Equitable Division of Labor.” In: Ram Frost & Leonard Katz (eds). Orthography, Phonology, Morphology, and Meaning, pp. 85-118. Amsterdam: Elsevier, p. 93.
  185. Shorrocks, Graham (1998). A Grammar of the Dialect of the Bolton Area. Pt. 1: Introduction; phonology. Bamberger Beithrage Zur Englische Sprachwissenschaft; Bd. 41. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang. pp. 41-46. ISBN 978-3-631-33066-1.
  186. Silvia, P. (2001). “Handbook of Terminology.” Terminology and standardization Directorate. Translation Bureau. Public Works and Government Services Canada.
  187. Sinclair, J. ‘The automatic analysis of corpora’, in Svartvik, J. (ed.) Directions in Corpus Linguistics (Proceedings of Nobel Symposium 82). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1992.
  188. S-Lawler, Kieran. (2020). Social Media Glossary: an A-Z of Social Media. Retrieved from: hallaminternet.com
  189. Social Semiotics – Semiotics Encyclopedia Online, E.J. Pratt Library, Victoria University, Canada.
  190. Tenminutes.ph cover image: Wikepedia (mtoz)
  191. The essencial of linguistics scince raja t nasr. (1984). Language files, monica crabtree & joyce powers (1994).
  192. Speech-Language Pathologists. American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
  193. Spolsky, B., & Hult, F. M. (Eds.). (2008). Handbook of Educational Linguistics. New York: Springer.
  194. Spencer, A., (1991). Morphological theory. Oxford: Blackwell.
  195. Spolsky, Bernard (2009). Language Management. Cambridge: Cambridge University press.
  196. Sprague, Rosamond Kent, ed. (1972). The Older SphistsL A Complere Translations by Several Hands of the Fragments. Columbia, South Carolina: University of South Carolina Press. Pp. 50-54. ISBN 0-87249-192-7.
  197. Stated in a less abbreviatory fashion: pressure1 x volume= pressure2 x volume2
  198. Steup, Matthias (2005). Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). “Epistemology”. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2014 ed.).
  199. Synergetic linguistics – Glottopedia www.glottopedia.org>index.php
  200. Tarigan, Guntur Henry. Prof. Dr. (1993). Pengajaran Semantik. Penerbit Angkasa Bandung.
  201. Ter Maulen, Alice, (2001). “Logic and Natural Language,” in Goble, Lou, ed., The Blackwell Guide to Philosophical Logic. Blackwell.
  202. Trappes – Lomax, Hugh (2004). “Discourse analysis”. In the Handbook of Applied Linguistics ed. by. A. Davies & C. Elder. Oxford: Blacwell, pp. 133-64.
  203. Urban Dictionary, online repository of definitions that are often funny: (http://www.urbandictionary.com/)
  204. Vappingo, https://www.vapingo.com/word-blog/great-examples -of-neologisms/
  205. Vera Barandoska-Frank, The Concept of Interlinguistics as an object of study. 4th Interlinguistic Syposium 21-22.09.2017. Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
  206. Wallis, S. ‘Annotation, Retrieval and Experimentation’, in Meurman-Solin, A. & Nurmi, A.A. (ed.) Annotating Variation and Change. Helsinki: Varieng, [University of Helsinki]. 2007. E-published.
  207. Werlich, E. (1976). A text grammar of English. Heidelberg: Quelle & Meyer.
  208. Wilson, E.O. (1999). “The natural sciences”. Consilence: The Unity of Knowledge (Reprinted ed.). New York, New York: Vintage. Pp. 49-71. ISBN 978-0-679-76867-8.
  209. Wikipedia Talk Page on Philippine English: (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk%3APhilippine_English)
  210. What is forensics linguistics? John Olsson Adjunct Professor, Nebraska Wesleyan University, Lincoln, Nebraska.
  211. When in Manila.com Team #WIMSQUAD, 17 February 2016.
  212. Wolfram, Sybil (1989). Philosophical Logic: An Introduction, Routledge: 1989. ISBN 0-415-023317-3.
  213.  
Copyright
  • Copyright (c) 2020 ‪Annie A. Parmis
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.