Exploring the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Mosquito Borne Diseases among Migrants in Thrissur District and the Need for Implementing One Health Approach in the Control of Vector Borne Diseases; A Mixed Method Study

Abstract

Background: Mosquito borne diseases are a major public health threat especially in developing countries like India. The situation is not that much different in Kerala too. Especially in states like Kerala, un-predictable climate change is a great matter of concern behind the outbreak of vector borne diseases.  Objective: To assess knowledge, attitude and practices related to mosquito borne diseases among migrants working in Amala Medical College Hospital, Thrissur. Method: A cross-sectional study to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding vector borne diseases was conducted among migrant laborers working in Amala Medical College using a structured questionnaire. Data was entered in Microsoft excel and analyzed using SPSS version 23. In addition to this, a comprehensive exploration using qualitative methodology on the need for implementing one health approach in control of mosquito borne diseases was also done by conducting 4 key informant interviews. Results: All of the participants (all 50 of them) were aware that mosquito borne diseases are a major public health problem. 90 % knows only Dengue as the only serious mosquito borne disease and 12% knows that Malaria was the most serious mosquito borne disease. Most of the participants were using mosquito nets as  part of prevention; 75%. Out of the 50 participants, 5 of them were using coils to prevent mosquito bites. Media was the main source of information to 60% of the participants. All the participants think that mosquito borne diseases can be prevented and in case they get the diseases, they have to be managed at the healthcare setting to avoid complications. Conclusion: Study shows good knowledge, positive attitude and satisfactory practices regarding mosquito borne diseases.