Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in the University Hospital of Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso

Authors

  • Djingri Labodi Lompo Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Health Sciences Training and Research Unit (UFR/SDS), Department of Neurology, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso and Tengandogo University Hospital, Neurology Department, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
  • Assami Nacanabo Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Health Sciences Training and Research Unit (UFR/SDS), Department of Neurology, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
  • Alassane Zoungrana Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Health Sciences Training and Research Unit (UFR/SDS), Department of Neurology, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
  • D Fabienne Kere Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Health Sciences Training and Research Unit (UFR/SDS), Department of Neurology, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
  • Melody Z Gnampa Tengandogo University Hospital, Neurology Department, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
  • Adeline Julie Marie Kyelem Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital, Neurology Department, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
  • Christian Napon Tengandogo University Hospital, Neurology Department, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
  • Athanase Millogo Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Health Sciences Training and Research Unit (UFR/SDS), Department of Neurology, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
  • Raphael Marie Patrick Kabore CHU Bogodogo, Neurology Department, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14738/bjhr.1201.18089

Keywords:

CVT, focal neurological deficit, intracranial hypertension, lateral sinus, superior sagittal sinus, gravido-puerperal aetiological factors, cervicocephalic infections, Ouagadougou University Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) accounts for less than 1% of strokes in Western countries, and probably more in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The aim of this study was to investigate CVT in the University Hospital Centres (UHC) of Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso. Patients and methods: This was a prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional hospital-based study in the University Hospital of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, from 1 June 2018 to 31 January 2023. It concerned patients admitted for CVT confirmed by the demonstration of a thrombus seated in the dural sinus and/or cortical vein on brain CT or MRI. The socio-demographic, clinical, paraclinical, aetiological and evolutionary characteristics of the patients were analysed using Epi-Info 7.2.5.0 software. Results: We consecutively included 37 patients (1% of all strokes), predominantly female (64.9%), with an average age of 38.2 years. The clinical picture was polymorphous, dominated by focal neurological deficit in 24 cases (64.9%), intracranial hypertension (ICHT) in 18 cases (48.6%) and epileptic seizures in 12 cases (32.4%). On neuroimaging, the most frequent topographies were the lateral sinus with 23 cases (62%), followed by the superior sagittal sinus with 16 cases (43%) and multiple localisations with 9 cases (24%). Cerebral oedema in 18 cases (48.6%), cerebral infarction in 7 cases (18.9%) and meningoencephalitis in 6 cases (16.2%) were the other cranioencephalic lesions most frequently found on neuroimaging. Isolated or associated aetiological factors were found in 29 patients (78.4%), dominated by gynaeco-obstetrical factors in 13 patients (35.1%) and cervicocephalic infections in 12 patients (32.4%). Clinical outcome on curative anticoagulants was favourable in 35 patients (94.6%); 2 patients (5.4%) died in hospital.  Conclusion: CVT accounts for 1% of strokes in Ouagadougou. Our study confirms the clinical and paraclinical polymorphism and good prognosis of CVT. However, aetiological factors are dominated by gravidopuerperal factors and cervicocephalic infections.

References

Dentali F, Poli D, Scoditti U, Di Minno MN, De Stefano V, Siragusa S, et al. Long-term outcomes of patients with cerebral vein thrombosis: a multicenter study. J Thromb Haemost. (2012) 10:1297–302. doi: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2012.04774.x 2.

Duman T, Uluduz D, Midi I, Bektas H, Kablan Y, Goksel BK, Milanlioglu A, Necioglu Orken D, Aluclu U. A multicenter study of 1144 patients with cerebral venous thrombosis: the VENOST study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2017;26:1848–1857. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.04.020.

Triquenot Bagan A, Crassard I, Drouet L, Barbieux-Guillot M, Marlu R, Robinet-Borgomino E, Morange P-E, Wolff V, Grunebaum L, Klapczynski F, André-Kerneis E, Pico F, Martin-Bastenaire B, Ellie E, Menard F, Rouanet F, Freyburger G, Godenèche G, Allano H-A, Moulin T, Mourey G, Derex L, Berruyer M, Runavot G, Trichet C, Viader F, Le Querrec A, Husein TT, Cluet-Dennetiere S, Macian-Montoro F, Donnard M, Guillon B, Ternisien C, Zuber M, Laplanche S, Tassan P, Peeltier J-Y, Canaple S, Roussel B, Gaillard N, Scavazza E and Le Cam Duchez V. (2021) Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: Clinical, Radiological, Biological, and Etiological Characteristics of a French Prospective Cohort (FPCCVT)—Comparison With ISCVT Cohort. Front. Neurol. 12:753110. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.753110.

Saposnik G, Bushnell C, Coutinho J M, Field T S, Furie K L, Galadanci N, ... & American Heart Association Stroke Council; Council on Cardiopulmonary, Critical Care, Perioperative and Resuscitation; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; and Council on Hypertension. (2024). Diagnosis and management of cerebral venous thrombosis: a Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association. Stroke. 2024; 55(3), e77-e90.

Cumurciuc R, Crassard I, Sarov M, Valade D, Bousser MG. Headache as the only neurological sign of cerebral venous thrombosis: a series of 17 cases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. (2005) 76:1084–7. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2004.056275.

Ferro JM, Canhão P, Stam J, Bousser M-G, Barinagarrementeria F. Prognosis of cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis. Stroke 2004; 35: 664 – 70. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000117571.76197.

Gaye N M, Diagne R, Diop A M, Ka M, Senghor A P, Mbodji A B, ... & Diop A G. (2021). Cerebral venous thrombosis in a sub-saharan African country: A preliminary monocentric study of a 70 case series at the neurology department of Fann teaching hospital in Dakar–Senegal. Revue Neurologique. 2021 ;177(6), 670-675.

Rajaonarison L A, Rasaholiarison N F, Randrianantoandro N R, Rabeony M N, Razafimahefa J, Zodaly N, & Tehindrazanarivelo A D. Intra-hospital and three-month outcomes of patients with cerebral venous thrombosis in the department of neurology in Befelatanana, Madagascar: a retrospective cohort study. The Pan African Medical Journal. 2022; 42, 93-93. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2022.42.93.29166.

Kalita J, Chandra S, Kumar B, Bansal V, Misra UK. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis from a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in India. Neurologist. 2016;21(3): 35-8.

Wasay, M., Bakshi, R., Bobustuc, G., Kojan, S., Sheikh, Z., Dai, A., & Cheema, Z. (2008). Cerebral venous thrombosis: analysis of a multicenter cohort from the United States. Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases, 17(2), 49-54.

Klein P, Shu L, Nguyen T N, Siegler J E, Omran S S, Simpkins A N, ... & Yaghi S. Outcome prediction in cerebral venous thrombosis: the IN-REvASC score. Journal of stroke. 2022; 24(3), 404-416.

Lindgren E, Krzywicka K, de Winter M A, Sánchez Van Kammen M, Heldner M R, Hiltunen S, ... & Jood K. A scoring tool to predict mortality and dependency after cerebral venous thrombosis. European journal of neurology. 2023; 30(8), 2305-2314.

Ferro J M, & Aguiar de Sousa D. Cerebral venous thrombosis: an update. Current neurology and neuroscience reports. 2019; 19, 1-9.

Ruiz-Sandoval J L, Chiquete E, Bañuelos-Becerra L J, Torres-Anguiano C, González-Padilla C, Arauz A, ... & Cantú-Brito C. Cerebral venous thrombosis in a Mexican multicenter registry of acute cerebrovascular disease: the RENAMEVASC study. Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases. 2012; 21(5), 395-400.

Onyambu C K, Amayo E O, & Kitonyi J M. Clinical features and patterns of imaging in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis at kenyatta national hospital. East African Medical Journal. 2013; 90(9), 297-304.

Traore Z, Maiga O A, Seybou H D, Youssouf S, Salimata D, & Youssoufa M. Thrombose veineuse cérébrale dans le service de neurologie du CHU Gabriel Touré. revue neurologique. 2019; 175, S135.

Lounici A, Bensefia A, Tabti E, & Bestaoui M H. A descriptive monocentric study in Algeria of adults with cerebral venous thrombosis. Revue Neurologique. 2020; 176(7-8), 614-618.

Souirti Z, Messouak O, Belahsen F. Cerebral venous thrombosis: a Moroccan retrospective study of 30 cases. Pan Afr Med J. 2014;17:281.

Sidhom Y, Mansour M, Messelmani M, et al. Cerebral venous thrombosis: clinical features, risk factors, and long-term outcome in a Tunisian cohort. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2014;23:1291-1295.

Bin W, Chao P, & Mu-ke Z. Clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in southwest China. JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCIENCES). 2014; 45(3),

Alet M, Ciardi C, Alemán A, Bandeo L, Bonardo P, Cea C, Cirio J, Cossio J, Cuculic M, Esnaola MM, et al. Cerebral venous throm bosis in Argentina: clinical presentation, predisposing factors, outcomes and literature review. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2020; 29 :105145. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105145.

Lindgren E, Silvis SM, Hiltunen S, Heldner MR, Serrano F, de Scisco M, Zelano J, Zuurbier SM, Sanchez van Kammen M, Mansour M, et al. Acute symptomatic seizures in cerebral venous thrombosis. Neurology. 2020; 95:e1706–e1715. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000010577.

Ferro, J. M., Bousser, M. G., Canhão, P., Coutinho, J. M., Crassard, I., Dentali, F., ... & European Stroke Organization. (2017). European Stroke Organization guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis–endorsed by the European Academy of Neurology. European stroke journal, 2(3), 195-221.

Coutinho J, de Bruijn SF, Deveber G, Stam J. Anticoagulation for cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011; CD002005.

Canhão P, Ferro JM, Lindgren AG, Bousser MG, Stam J, Barinagarrementeria F. Causes and predictors of death in cerebral venous thrombosis. Stroke. 2005; 36(8):1720-1725. 253

Downloads

Published

2025-02-25

How to Cite

Lompo, D. L., Nacanabo, A. ., Zoungrana, A., Kere, D. F., Gnampa, M. Z., Kyelem, A. J. M., … Kabore, R. M. P. (2025). Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in the University Hospital of Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso. British Journal of Healthcare and Medical Research, 12(01), 241–253. https://doi.org/10.14738/bjhr.1201.18089

Issue

Vol. 12 No. 01 (2025): British Journal of Healthcare and Medical Research

Section

Original Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Lompo, Djingri Labodi , Nacanabo, Assami , Zoungrana, Alassane , Kere, D Fabienne , Gnampa, Melody Z , Kyelem, Adeline Julie Marie , Napon, Christian , Millogo, Athanase , Kabore, Raphael Marie Patrick

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.