Physics

Schizophrenia is a brain disorder that impacts how a person acts, thinks, and perceives the world (Coyle, 2017). It is characterized by symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, disorganised speech, and diminished emotional expression (Shenton et al., 1992). The cause of these symptoms has been attributed to a dysregulation of dopaminergic signalling (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Schizophrenia is considered amongst the top common disorders in the world (Mathers et al., 2006), as about 1% of the general population suffer from schizophrenia (Simeone et al., 2015). Schizophrenia generally appears in late teens or early adulthood. However, it may also appear in middle ages (Kirkbride et al., 2006). Generally, the early onset of schizophrenia is associated with severe positive and negative symptoms (Galletly et al., 2016). Schizophrenia was found to be more severe and more common in men than in women (Aleman et al., 2003; McGrath et al., 2008). Schizophrenia is a chronic disorder that can be managed effectively with due care and management principles, in addition to antipsychotics medications. However, the likelihood of recovery is the highest, when schizophrenia is diagnosed and treated at its onset (Galletly et al., 2016). With medications and non-pharmacological therapy, many individuals with schizophrenia can live independently and have a satisfactory life.