Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental questions, such as those about existence, reason, knowledge, values, mind, and language. Such questions are often posed as problems to be studied or resolved. Some sources claim the term was coined by Pythagoras (c. 570 – c. 495 BCE); others dispute this story, arguing that Pythagoreans merely claimed use of a preexisting term. Philosophical methods include questioning, critical discussion, rational argument, and systematic presentation.
The study investigated the environment surrounding refugees’ access to humanitarian assistance which tends to suffocate the spirit of the Uganda Refugee Act of 2006 under Article 30 which allows freedom of movement for refugees in the country.
O Asilo da Infância Desvalida foi fundado em 28 de dezembro de 1858 – data da realização da festa dos Santos Inocentes da Igreja Católica – e funcionou com esta designação até 1971. O seu objetivo central era o de socorrer a pobreza desamparada dos “expostos” do sexo feminino, sendo a sua missão auxiliar jovens raparigas em situação de abandono ou de pobreza extrema. Esta organização, a funcionar numa lógica de residência comunitária, consistia, assim, numa instituição de acolhimento de crianças e jovens meninas desprotegidas. Este livro exibe várias fotografias, que constituem uma forma de comunicação visual enquanto elemento relevante na (re)construção da memória e de legimitização de uma organização. Esta obra tem sempre presente o facto de que nenhuma fotografia é neutra, ou seja, cada registo fotográfico apresentado é sempre uma representação da realidade.
Purpose: This research work differentiates digital and physical cash availability based in the hypothesis that digital money is created using further virtual enterprises efficiency while physical cash, even utilizing digital supply chains, depends fundamentally of material management efficiency. This research was also considering that banks were one segment which very developed virtual integrations due to their peculiarities (high value transportation, storage, and etc.). Design Methodology: They are three different case studies. The first one about BB (Banco do Brasil), Itau, and Bradesco (the three biggest commercial banks) operations in Brazil for availability of Physical money, using official data kept by Central Bank of Brazil, IBGE, and those three above cited Banks. The digital money availability was another case study investigating the whole payment system of Brazil using POS, card, credit, debit information provided by BCB. The third case study was designed for investigating practices of digital supply chains through further usages in BB, Bradesco, and Itau. However, during the research, the original plan got no enough results, turning the last case investigation more about the same whole payment system, informing the clouding computing, the interoperability, and the reduction of physical demands like introductory results. Finding: This dissertation were able of mapping graphically how the physical money is spread across banking operations into the Brazilian territory, better saying, it shows Brazilian Bank – the total sum of Branches of BB , Bradesco and Itaú – concentrations in each municipality, and the availability of M0- Branches Reserves of those same banks across those same municipalities. The Digital money applications pointed the debit, credit, online transferring, STR, TED, DOC, intrabank operations as very used examples of digital money. Visa and Master card are the two main banner card used in Brazil, but this country has challenges of internet and mobile usages for accomplishing its ambitious project of further integration and instantaneous electronic Payments (PIX). Practical Implications: The Digital money today’s availability is not instantaneous (up to 2 workdays), it is expensive (up to R$20.00 each transaction) and not able 24 hours per day, all week (only workdays). The physical money is also compounded by hidden costs of storage, packaging, transportation and purchase, making Central Bank of Brazil spend more than R$700.00 million each year. The second tier, from BCB to Commercial Banks, has also potential of being expensive, once transportation, physical installations, third party services, surveillance, and transport represent the majority of those operational costs and should be also applied to commercial banks physical distribution.
This book presents an examination on the significance of the political elites’ role in the expansion of ethnic politics to the periphery state of Sabah in Malaysia. Ethnicity in Sabah for generations did not have the significance that it held in the peninsular states, where colonial and post-colonial policies entrenched a sense of indigenous claims by the Malays against other ethnic communities of Chinese and Indians. In Sabah, especially before the Federation of Malaysia, social identity focused more on smaller social groups who needed to find non-ethnic basis for political solidarity rather than construct ethnic differences. Nevertheless, after decades in the federation of Malaysia the political solidarity in this territory became more focused on what Tajfel and Turner (1979) calls ‘us’ versus ‘them’, an activity of constructing and reconstructing ethnic difference as in West Malaysia. The study in which this book is based is explores and explains the reason why ethnic hostilities have more recently become a marker of political activities in Sabah.
Model of strategic management of human resources; building a scenario from Human Resources management perspective was the outcome of this study. Organizations are increasingly looking at HRM as a unique asset that can provide them with sustained competitive advantage .The organization’s philosophy on how to manage its workforce, its policies, therefore needs to be well defined to enhance its ability to attract and retain the right calibre of employees to provide it with the required competitive advantage. Any business entity poised to make impact and to be relevant in the present-day dynamic business environment must plan strategically .Management must paint scenarios, anticipate the environment and be proactive or forward-looking, set realistic objectives and develop strategies and plans of action to achieve those objectives. The issue is not anticipating the future, but making fundamental decisions based on foresight. Organizations have been increasingly aware of the importance of understanding what is going on in their environment and among their audiences. Various methods are employed through Trade Unions, relations with employees, media monitoring, or conducting surveys. Moreover, a number of human resource scholars and professionals have maintained that practical steps and process should be put in place to discover problems in their initial stages before they affect the organizations.
This fourth part of our study deals with the application of Bantucratique, as a political theory, to a context, namely that of the Congo. Such an application should serve as a model for other African countries which, moreover, are experiencing the same realities. From this point of view, we will start from African generalities, in order to better specify the case of the Congo as such. The ” Congolese nation ” Current maintains the illusion of a unique relationship and a commu direct nication between the E state and the citizen . This direct and interpersonal communication is, in part, a serious departure from the group’s Bantu values. The Congolese citizen, by his direct connection with the State, is not for all that better protected than in a representative system. Moreover, whether for the democratic vote or for the rise of the individual on the national level, this direct connection is obscured in favor of ethnic and family networks. The current Congolese institutional system disarticulates the traditional social organization to make way for a social disorder, a real anarchy where only two values prevail for the appropriation of power, namely the possession of a diploma or, most often, the use of armed force. The current political class has been raised, educated, empowered and maintained by Marxist regimes. A political culture has resulted. Economically, the legacy of thirty years of Marxism is heavy. Morally and culturally prevail general libertinism, easy enrichment, false makeup and empty words. In fact, in the Congo there are several traditional peoples. The current State is presented as a new structure , in competition with centuries- old structures . The respective conceptions of man, of the group and even of the power of this state are often contradictory with those of these structures. As a result, Congolese man is more than ambivalent, forced to navigate between opposing cultures.
The article sets a task lying in the construction of harmonious economics metrics. The economics overcoming failures of one”sidedness in the assessment society development with an enforceability of many”sided consideration for social, humanitarian and intellectual factors being introduced. Meanwhile, the financial indicators, profit and capital criteria leave the foreground. The specificities of author’s approach lie in the use of natural analogs for calculation and assessment of economics including formation of the Values Added. The systems for determination of the Gross Domestic Product and national calculations are being transformed. These innovations are introduced instead of the existing systems. The algebra and system for calculation of economic and other indicators are renewed in order to implement basically new harmonious economics metrics. There is a separate level differentiating between the general political level of management and traditional macroeconomics referred to as supramacroeconomics. To make calculations the assessments of geometric values of natural analogs of the economics and social medium objects are being used. The methodical bases for harmonious economics metrics are developed in this article.