AI-Driven Cybersecurity in Human-Centric Industry 5.0

Authors

  • Mohammed Ketel Applied Information Technology Department The University of Baltimore Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
  • Hari Joshi Applied Information Technology Department The University of Baltimore Baltimore, MD 21201, USA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14738/tecs.1403.10823

Keywords:

Industry 5.0, AI, Cybersecurity, Human-Centric, Internet of Things (IoT), Ethics

Abstract

Industry 5.0 represents a transformation of the industrial competitive framework toward a human-oriented, sustainable, and resilient ecosystem built on human–machine collaboration. Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays a key role in this development, as, when combined with the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), it enables higher levels of personalization, operational efficiency, and predictive capability. However, this shift also introduces significant cybersecurity challenges due to expanded attack surfaces and the unique vulnerabilities associated with AI systems. This paper explores the integration of AI in Industry 5.0, examines its implications for cybersecurity, and discusses the strategies required to ensure a secure, ethical, and trustworthy digital industrial future.

References

A. Adel. (2022). The future of Industry 5.0 in society: Human-centered solutions, challenges and possible research perspectives. Journal of Cloud Computing, vol. 11, no. 40, Springer Nature, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-022-00314-5

A. S. George and A. S. H. George. (2023). Revolutionizing manufacturing: The promise and problems of Industry 5.0. Partners Universal International Innovation Journal, vol. 1, no. 2, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7852124

B. Santos, R. L. C. Costa, and L. Santos. (2024). “Cybersecurity in Industry 5.0: Open challenges and future directions,” arXiv preprint, https://arxiv.org/pdf/2410.09538

G. Czeczot, I. Rojek, D. Mikolajewski, and B. Sangho. (2023). AI in IIoT Management of Cybersecurity for Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0 Purposes. MDPI Electronics, vol. 12, https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12183800

B. Martini, D. Bellisario, and P. Coletti. (2024). Human-Centered and Sustainable Artificial Intelligence in Industry 5.0: Challenges and Perspectives. MDPI Sustainability, vol. 16, p. 5448, https://doi.org/10.3390/su16135448.

X. Xu, Y. Lu, B. Vogel-Heuser, and L. Wang. (2021). Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0—Inception, conception and perception. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, vol. 61, pp. 530–535, Elsevier, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2021.10.006

R. W. Anwar, Y. Souissi, and S. Ali. (2025). Cyber Threats and Vulnerabilities in Industry 5.0: A Review. Arab Journal of Administrative Sciences, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 435–454. https://doi.org/10.34120/ajas.v32i2.1289

J. M. Rozanec et al. (2023). Human-centric artificial intelligence architecture for industry 5.0 applications. International Journal of Production Research, vol. 61, no. 20, pp. 6847–6872, https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2022.2138611

A. Becue, J. Gama, and P. Q. Brito. (2024). AI’s effect on innovation capacity in the context of industry 5.0: a scoping review. Artificial Intelligence Review, vol. 57, no. 215, Springer Nature, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-024-10864-6

M. Hammad et al. (2025). From Industry 4.0 to 5.0: leveraging AI and IoT for sustainable and human-centric operations,” International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIEOM-04-2025-0070

M. L. Memon, M. N. Khan, and A. A. Shaikh. (2025). Industry 5.0: Human & robot interaction, smart manufacturing & integration of AI/ML-A comprehensive review for next generation manufacturing systems,” Spectrum of Engineering Sciences, vol. 3, no. 10, pp. 1889–1928, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17645867

J. Alves, T. M. Lima, and P. D. Gaspar. (2023). Is Industry 5.0 a human-centered approach? A systematic review. MDPI Processes, https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11010193

Infor, “What is Industry 4.0 vs. Industry 5.0,” URL: [Online]. Available: https://www.infor.com/industries/industrial-manufacturing/industry-4-0-vs-5-0 [Accessed: January 16, 2026].

National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2025). Cybersecurity framework profile for artificial intelligence. NIST IR 8596, https://csrc.nist.gov/pubs/ir/8596/iprd

European Union. (2024). Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (AI Data Protection Regulation). https://zivilrecht.univie.ac.at/fileadmin/user_upload/i_zivilrecht/Wendehorst/Workshop_Datenschutz/Draft_AI_Data_Protection_Regulation_WENDEHORST_24-12-20.pdf Scholar Publishing

ENISA. (2023). Artificial Intelligence and Cybersecurity Research. June 7, 2023, https://www.enisa.europa.eu/publications/artificial-intelligence-and-cybersecurity-research [Accessed: November 7, 2025].

E. Papagiannidis, P. Mikalef, and K. Conboy. (2025). Responsible artificial intelligence governance: A review and research framework. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, Elsevier, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2024.101885

P. Papadopoulos, S. Katsikas, and N. Pitropakis. (2025). Cybersecurity and artificial intelligence: Advances, challenges, opportunities, threats. Frontiers in Big Data, Cybersecurity and Privacy, https://doi.org/10.3389/fdata.2024.1537878

C. Nott. (2025). Organizational adaptation to generative AI in cybersecurity: A systematic review,” arXiv preprint, https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2506.12060

Maya Derrick. (2025). Top 10: IoT Infrastructure Platforms. Technology Magazine, [Online]. Available: URL: https://technologymagazine.com/top10/top-10-iot-infrastructure-platforms [Accessed: January 16, 2026].

Unity Tech Connect. (2025). 8 Best Industrial IoT Platforms for Business ROI in 2025. [Online]. Available: URL: https://unitytech-connect.com/resources/blog/industrial-iot-platforms-forbusiness/ [Accessed: December 5, 2025].

Chrissy Kidd. (2025). SIEM: Security Information & Event Management Explained. [Online]. Available: URL: https://www.splunk.com/en_us/blog/learn/siem-security-information-eventmanagement.html [Accessed: December 12, 2025].

Downloads

Published

2026-06-02

How to Cite

Ketel, M., & Joshi, H. (2026). AI-Driven Cybersecurity in Human-Centric Industry 5.0. Transactions on Engineering and Computing Sciences, 14(03), 09–17. https://doi.org/10.14738/tecs.1403.10823