Quantum Gravity, Energy Wave Spheres, and the Proton Radius

Authors

  • Darrell Bender New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14738/aivp.121.16240

Keywords:

Quantum Gravity, Energy Wave Spheres, Proton Radius

Abstract

We argue, from present considerations and a previous analysis of the hydrogen atom as a miniature Michelson-Morley experiment in the Material Point Universe Revisited, that the electron wave velocity in the hydrogen atom is  and that the fine-structure constant  is the ratio of the remaining mass of the electron to the initial electron mass, not the ratio of velocities, as Sommerfield had it.

References

Apostle, Tom M., Mathematical Analysis, Palo Alto: Addison–Wesley Publishing Company, Inc., 1957.

Beyer, Axel et al, In the Rydberg constant and proton size from atomic hydrogen, 6 October 2017, Science, Vol 358, Issue 6359.

Bender, Darrell, “Bender Goes to Oxford.” Bender, Darrell, “Fast Clocks in the Moving System,” Research & Reviews: Journal of Pure and Applied Physics, Bender, Darrell, The Material Point Universe. Bender, Darrell, The Material Point Universe Revisited. Bender, Darrell, On the Nature of Being: Gravitation, Research & Reviews: Journal of Pure and Applied Physics, Bohm, David, Quantum Theory, Dover Publications, Inc., 1989.

Bohm, D., B. J. Hiley, The Undivided Universe, Routledge, 1993.

Chou, C. W., D. B. Hume, T. Rosenband, D. J. Wineland, “Optical Clocks and Relativity,” Science Vol 329 24 September 2010: 1630-1633.

Feynman, Richard P., Quantum Electrodynamics, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc., 1961.

Feynman, Richard P., Fernando B. Morinigo, William G. Wagner, Feynman Lectures on Gravitation, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1995.

Feynman, Richard P., Robert B. Leighton, Mathew Sands, The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Menlo Park: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1963.

Hewitt, Edwin, Karl Stromberg, Real and Abstract Analysis, Springer-Verlag, 1965

Bender, D. (2024). Quantum Gravity, Energy Wave Spheres, and the Proton Radius. European Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol - 12(1). 99-165.

Lorentz, H. A., A. Einstein, H. Minkowski, and H. Weyl, The Principle of Relativity, New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1952, including: Einstein, A., “On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies,” Annalen der Physik, 17, 1905.

Einstein, A., “On the Influence of Gravitation on the Propagation of Light,” Annalen der Physik, 35, 1911.

Einstein, A., “The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity,” Annalen der Physik, 49, 1916. Kiefer, Claus, Conceptual Problems in Quantum Gravity and Quantum Cosmology, International Scholarly Research Notices, 2013.

Messiah, Albert, Quantum Mechanics, John Wiley & Sons, 1976.

Misner, Charles W., Thorne, Kip S., Wheeler, John Archibald, Gravitation, W. H. Freeman and Company, 1973.

Pais, Abraham, ‘Subtle is the Lord…’ The Science and the Life of Albert Einstein, Oxford University Press, 1982.

Siegal, Ethan, Scientific Proof is a Myth, Forbes, 22 Nov, 2017.

Singham, Mano, The Idea That a Scientific Theory Can Be ‘Falsified’ Is a Myth, Scientific American, 7 September, 2020.

Sommerfeld, A. (1921). Atombau und Spektrallinien (in German) pp. 241–242.

Wald, Robert M., General Relativity, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1984.

Downloads

Published

2024-01-18

How to Cite

Bender, D. (2024). Quantum Gravity, Energy Wave Spheres, and the Proton Radius. European Journal of Applied Sciences, 12(1), 99–165. https://doi.org/10.14738/aivp.121.16240