Interest of Measuring Microalbuminuria and Glycated Hemoglobin in Type 2 Diabetes in Mali Hospital

Abstract

Introduction : Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Objective : The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between microalbuminuria and glycated hemoglobin in the monitoring of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods : This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study conducted simultaneously in the Endocrinology Department and the Medical Biology Laboratory of Mali Hospital from February 1 to September 31, 2022. The study population consisted of patients with type 2 diabetes aged between 30 and 70 years. Results : A total of 160 patients with type 2 diabetes were included. Females predominated, with a male-to-female ratio of 0.74. The mean age of participants was 54.63 ± 10.16 years. The most prevalent diabetes risk factors were advanced age, overweight/obesity, hypertension, family history of diabetes, and dyslipidemia, with respective frequencies of 90.6%, 62.5%, 47.5%, 46.8%, and 35.6%. The mean biochemical parameters were 1.94 ± 0.93 g/L for fasting plasma glucose, 9.58 ± 3.19% for glycated hemoglobin, and 91.96 ± 119.19 mg/L for microalbuminuria. A statistically significant correlation was found between elevated fasting plasma glucose and the presence of microalbuminuria (p = 0.013). Microalbuminuria was also significantly higher in patients with elevated glycated hemoglobin levels (p = 0.01). Conclusion : Poor glycemic control and persistent positive microalbuminuria appear to be predictive markers for the development of microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes.