About the Magnetic Field of the Earth and that of the Moon as a Gravitational Effect
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14738/aivp.122.16775Keywords:
magnetic field, electric dipole, tidal forces, satellite rotation, planets, gravitational forceAbstract
The magnetic field is a concept in science that often lacks clarity and understanding. It's crucial to emphasize the significance of the magnetic field, particularly for human life. Life as we know it on Earth would not be possible without the existence of the magnetic field. This discussion aims to clarify the sources of the magnetic field in general. By considering the genesis of the field itself, we can explain not only the magnetic field of the Moon but also that of other bodies in the Solar System, such as Earth. The Dynamo Theory, traditionally used to explain the magnetic field of Solar System bodies, is somewhat complex and leaves much to be desired. This work proposes a plausible alternative: a phenomenological theory related to the force of gravity. This theory provides an explanation for the magnetic field of numerous Solar System bodies, particularly Earth, and addresses the absence of a magnetic field on the Moon. Throughout the development of this theory, it is highlighted, among other things, that tides significantly contribute to the magnetic field of both orbiting bodies and the bodies they orbit. As will be demonstrated, the electric dipole effect existing in common matter plays a crucial role in the genesis of the magnetic field. Surprisingly, this effect is closely related to the force of gravity. In conclusion, a fundamental point is presented regarding this electrical bipolarity, intending to ultimately explain the authentic genesis of the force of gravity.
References
Tarduno, J. A., et al. (2021) Absence of a long-lived lunar paleomagnetosphere, Science Advances, 7 Issue 32 DOI:10.1126/sciadv. abi7647.
Weiss, B. P., Tikoo, S. M. (2014) The lunar dynamo, Science Dec 5, 346(6214):1246753. Doi: 10.1126/science. 1246753.
Hood, L. L., Sonett C. P., and SRNKA L. J. (1984) Lunar Magnetism, Nature, 307, 661-662.
Runcorn, S. K. (1975) On the Interpretation of Lunar Magnetism, Physics of Earth and Planetary Interiors, 10, 327-335.
Fuller, M. (1998) Lunar magnetism-a retrospective view of the Apollo sample magnetic studies, Physics and chemistry of the Earth, Vol. 23, Issues 7-8, 725-735. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-1946(98)00083-
Carlson, R. (2009) Analysis of lunar samples implications for planet formation and evolution, Science, 18 de julio.
Cournede, C., Gattacceca, J., Rochette, P. (2012) Magnetic study of large Apollo sample: Possible evidence for an ancient centered dipolar fiel don the moon, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 331-332, 31-42.
Penalva, N. (2017) CIENCIA Imprescindible para Curiosos, Editorial Libsa, Madrid España, pp 108,109, ISBN:978-84-662-3361-3. Lugo, L. M. (2024). About the Magnetic Field of the Earth and that of the Moon as a Gravitational Effect. European Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol
Tikoo, S. M., et al. (2014) Decline of the lunar core dynamo, Earth and Planetary Science Letters 404:89-07, DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2014.07.010.
Evans A. J., and Tikoo, S. M. (2022) An episodic high-intensity Lunar core dynamo, Nature Astronomy 6 325-330.
Garrik-Bethell l., Weiss B. P., Shuster D. L, Buz J. (2009) Early lunar magnetism, Science. 323 Issue 5912 pag 356-359. Doi:10.1126/science. 1166804.
Dwyer C. A, Stevenson D. J., Nimmo F. (2011) A long-lived lunar dynamo driven by continuous machanical stirring. Nature, 09 479(7372): 212-214. Doi: 10.1038/nature 10564.
Collinson, D. W., Stephenson A., and Runcorn, S. K. (1977) Intensity and Origin of Ancient Lunar Magnetic Field, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A, 285, 241-247.
Colin A. R., (1991) The Natural History of the Universe, From the Big Bang to the end of Time, Macmillan Publishing Company, New York.
Gattacceca, J., et al. (2010) Can the Lunar crust be magnetized by shock: Experimental groundtruth, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 299, Issues 1-2, pages 42-53.
Hemeroteca Publicidad- NCYT Amazing Noticias de la Ciencia y la Tecnología, Divulgando la Ciencia por Internet desde 1997. Viernes 17 de febrero de 2017. Arqueología: Revelando el pasado del campo magnético terrestre gracias a objetos arqueológicos. Albert Einstein consideraba que el origen del campo magnético de la Tierra era uno de los cinco problemas no resueltos más importantes de la física.
Dyer, A, G., et al. (2021) Einstein, Von Frish and the honeybee: a historical letter comes to light, Journal of Comparative Physiology A, Vol. 207 449-456. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-021-01490-6.
Boris V. V., (2015) The Magnetic Field of Earth and Other Celestial Bodies, International Journal of Geosciences, 6 No. 11, DOI: 10.4236/ijg.2015.611097.
Poole, G. (2017) Theory of Electromagnetism and Gravity-Modeling Earth as Rotating Solenoid Coil, Journal of High Energy Pgysics, Gravitation and Cosmology, 3 No. 4
Roberts P. H., King E. M. (2013) On the genesis of the Earth¨s magnetism, Rep Prog Phys. 6, Issue 9: 096801. Doi: 10.1088/0034-4885/76/9/096801.
Fierro, J., et al. (1991) El Sistema Planetario, Centro Universitario de Comunicación de la Ciencia, Coordinación de la Investigación Científica, UNAM, ISBN 96 8361788-3.
Marov, M. (1985) Planetas del Sistema Solar, Editorial Mir Moscú, URSS.
Fahey, J. M. Jr., et al. (2010) The New Universe, here, now, and beyond, National Geographic, Printed and distributed by Time Home entertaiment Inc. New York USA.
Karttunen, H., et al. (2007) Fundamental Astronomy, Fifth Edition, Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York. ISBN 978-3-540-34143-7.
Alonso, M., Finn, E. J. (1967) Fundamental University Physics, Volume II, Fields and waves, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Massachusetts, USA.
Feynman, R. P., Leighton, R. B., Sands, M. (1966) The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Mainly Electromagnetism and Matter, Vol. II, Addison Wesley, Massachusetts USA.
Jackson, J. D. (1975) “Classical Electrodynamics”, John Willey & Sons, New York, Second Edition.
Scott, W. T. (1962) “The Physics of Electricity and Magnetism”, New York-John Willey & Sons, Inc. Third printing.
Avsiuk, I. N. (1977) On the Tidal Force, Soviet Astronomy Letters, Vol. 3, (Translated by NASA) 96-99.
Gratton, J., Perazzo, C. A. (2008) La fuerza de marea y el límite de Roche, ANALES AFA (Buenos Aires), 20, 9-12.
Aguilar, L. A. (2022) Conferencia, De Donde Viene la Luna, aguilar@astrosen.unam.mx, Instituto de Astronomia, UNAM, Mexico.
Segura P. A. (2023) La Luna que pisamos, Revista de divulgación de la Ciencia, UNAM, ¿comoves, 16 de octubre Indice 128.
Chapront, J., Chapront-Touzé, M.; Francou, G. (1999). «Determination of the lunar orbital and rotational parameters and of the ecliptic reference system orientation from LLR measurements and IERS data». Astronomy and Astrophysics 343: 624-633. Bibcode:1999A&A... 343..624C.
Smullin, L D., Fiocco, G. (1962). «Optical Echoes from the Moon». Nature 194 (4835): 1267. Bibcode:1962Natur.194.1267S. doi:10.1038/1941267a0.
Bender, P. L. (1973). «The Lunar Laser Ranging Experiment: Accurate ranges have given a large improvement in the lunar orbit and new selenophysical information». Science 182 (4109): 229-238. Bibcode:1973Sci... 182..229B. PMID 17749298. doi:10.1126/science.182.4109.229.
Graneau P. and Graneau, N. (2006) In the Grip of the Distant Universe, the Science of Inertia, World Scientific, University of Oxford, UK, ISBN: 981-256-754-2.
Chandra, K. P. (2023) The origin of Gravity and the emergence of a Black Hole, Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology, 9 No. 3, 720-724, doi: 10.4236/jhepgc.2023.93059.
Capozziello, S. and De Laurentis, M. (2011), Extended Theories of Gravity, Physics Reports, 509, 167-321. https: doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2011.09.003
Khanday, A.W., Upadhyay, S. and Ganai, P.A. (2003) Study of the Large-Scale Structure through Modified Gravity Theory Using Statistical Mechanics. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 612, Article ID: 128493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2023.128493.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2012.03.004
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Leandro Meléndez Lugo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
