Assessment and Mapping of Salt- Affected Soils Using Biophysical Soil Indicators, Rremote Sensing and GIS Analysis in Wadi Elgaab Area Northern State, Sudan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14738/aivp.111.13927Keywords:
Salt- affected soils, Land evaluations, Land degradations, Remote Sensing and MappingAbstract
Salt-affected soils is a prime indicator of land degradation (LD). Thus, this study was conducted to assess, and mapping of salt-affected soils, evaluating the land suitability for irrigated agriculture and updating information through soil, remote sensing and geographical information system analysis techniques in the study area. By estimating and monitoring some soil properties namely, soil salinity, sodicity and alkalinity, due to drought and LD process. The soil survey was carried for the project area (31105 feddans). This study depends on extracted data and information from soil survey, soil analysis (SA), and remote sensed (RS), in addition to fieldwork (observation points) in the study area. SA and RS data indicated that LD was taken place in the study area particularly in the western, south western and north western parts of the area which were affected by salinity, sodicity and alkalinity. The study showed the study area was highly eroded by wind. According to the framework of the land suitability (FAO, 1990 and 2006), soil properties and degradation hazard, were estimated. The results showed that the soil of the study area is moderately suitable (S2), marginally suitable lands (S3), currently unsuitable land (N1) and unsuitable land for irrigated agriculture (N2), for 15200 feddans, 2580 feddans, 11035 feddans and 2436 feddans respectively.
References
Abdalla, H.H. (1986). Extent and management of problem soils in Sudan saline sodic soil, World Soil Resources Research 58, 90-109.
Abdelwahab, M.H. (2022). A review on Reclamation and Management Practices of Wind Erosion and Salt –Affected Soils of Sudan. International Journal of Applied Science and Research; Vol.5, Issue 5: 89-103. DOI: https://doi.org/10.56293/IJASR.2022.5436
Abuzied HM. Mapping and Assessment of Wind Erosion in Central Northern State, Sudan Ph.D. Thesis, Desertification and Desert Cultivation Studies Institute, Sudan: University of Khartoum; 2009.
Awad Elkarim, A.K.H, ELmahi, Y.E.G. and EL Tilip, A.M.A. (1995). Effect of soil salinity and sodicity on urea hydrolysis in three soil orders. U. K. J Agric. Sci. 3: 60-76.
Charman, P. E. V. and Murphy, B. W., (Eds.) 2000. Soils: Their Properties and Management; Oxford University Press, South Melbourne.
Dahab, M.H. Mustafa, M.A. and Abd Elrahman, H.A. (1988). Intermittent evaporation, moisture distribution, and salt redistribution through saline sodic clay soil as affected by irrigation frequency and quantity Soil Sci. 146: 168-175.
Dregne, H.; Kassas, M. and Rosanov, B.(1991). A new assessment of the world status of desertification. Desertification Control Bulletin 20, 6-18.
Elmahi, Y. E; Sokarab, A.M.A; El Amin, E.A.A and Ibrahim, I.S. (2002). Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers effect on growth and yield of irrigated forage sorghum grown on a saline-sodic soil. Crop Research 23, 235-242.
Elaagib, E. (1999). Reclamation of salt-affected soils for wheat production in the River Nile State. Annual Report, Land and Water Research Centre, Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani, Sudan.
Elaagib, E. (2003). Response of wheat to FYM and phosphorus fertilization in high terrace soils of the River Nile of Sudan. Paper presented in the National Crop Husbandry Committee meeting. Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani, Sudan.
Elaagib, E. and Babiker, S., (2004). Effect different nitrogen sources on wheat production in high terrace soils with respect to in 1N of NPK fertilizer. Annual Report, Land and Water Research Centre, Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani, Sudan.
Elkhazin, A. and Khalid, H., (2013). Effect of chicken manure on wheat growth and productivity in high terrace soils of the River Nile State (Addamer, Sudan). Paper presented in the 54th meeting of the National Crop Husbandry Committee (December 2013). Agricultural Research Corporation, WadMedani, Sudan. 367
Elmahi, Y.E and Mustafa, M.A. (1980). The effect of electrolyte concentration and sodium adsorption ratio on phosphate retention by soil, Soil Sci. 130: 321-323.
FAO, (2006). World reference base for soil resources. A framework
FAO. (1990). Guidelines for soil profiles descriptions, Third edition. Land and Water Division, FAO, Rome.
Ishag, A. and Mustafa, M.A. (2005). Swelling of Gezira Vertisol series in relation to some of their physical and chemical characteristics U.of K. J. Agric. Sci. 13: 1-15.
Malik, M; Mustafa, M.A. and Letey, J. (1992). Effect of mixed Na/Ca solutions on swelling, dispersion and transient water flow in unsaturated montmorillonitic soils. Geoderma 52, 17-22.
Mohamed, Mahasin and Mustafa, M.A. (2001). Impact of clay content, salinity and sodicity on soil strength of some Vertisols and an Aridisols. U. of K. J. Agric. Sci. 9(1): 1-18.
Mustafa, M. A. (2007). Desertification processes. Published by UNESCO Chair of Desertification, University of Khartoum Printing Press, and pp 230.
Mustafa, M. A. and Abdelmagid, E. A. (1981). The effects of irrigation interval, urea-N and gypsum on salt redistribution in a highly saline-sodic montmorillonitic clay soil under forage sorghum. Soil Sci. 132: 308-315.
Mustafa, M. A. and Abdelmagid, E. A. (1982). Interrelation of irrigation frequency, urea-nitrogen, and gypsum on forage sorghum growth on a saline sodic clay soil. Agron. J. 74: 447-451.
Mustafa, M. A. and Hamid, K.S. (1977). Comparisons of two models for predicting the relative hydraulic conductivity in salt-affected swelling soils. Soil Sci. 123,149 – 154.
Mustafa, M.A. (1986). Salt affected soils in the Sudan: their distribution, properties and management. Reclamation and Revegetation Research 5, 115-12.
Saeed, A. B. and Eissa, H. Y. (2002). Influence of tillage on some properties of heavy cracking clay soils and sorghum yield on mechanized rain-fed agriculture. U. of K. J. Agric. Sci. 10: 267-276.
Soil Survey Staff (1999). Soil Taxonomy. Agricultural Handbook No. 436. USDA/SCS. Washington, D.C., U.S.A.
Soil Survey Staff. (2010), Key to Soil Taxonomy. USDA/Natural Resources Conservation Service. Washington, D.C. USA.
Van de Graaff, R. and Patterson, R. A.; 2001. Explaining the Mysteries of Salinity, Sodicity SAR, and ESP in On-site Practice; in: Proceedings of On-site ’01 Conference: Advancing On-site Wastewater Systems, edited by Patterson, R. A. and Jones, M. J.; Lanfax Laboratories, Armidale, Australia.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Abass Mohamed , Motasim Hyder Abdelwahab, El Mamoun Haroun Osman , Wael Awad Marajan Mohammed
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
