Prevalence of Gynaecological Malignancies: A Retrospective Study, Buea- Cameroon
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14738/aivp.95.10914Keywords:
Gynaecological cancer; Breast cancer; Cervical cancer; Uterine cancer, Vaginal cancer, Buea-CameroonAbstract
Introduction
Cancer is a global public health issue and one of the worldwide pathologies with severe morbidity and mortality. Gynaecological cancers are defined as cancer of the breast and organs of the genital tract. Breast cancer is the first gynaecological cancer worldwide, with more than 15 million cases and 600,000 deaths per annum. It is followed by cervical cancer, with about 528,000 new cases and 266,000 deaths per year. Endometrial cancer comes 3rd and is closely followed by ovarian cancer. Cancer of the vagina is sporadic, representing about 1% of all gyneacological cancers. The objective of this study is to establish the prevalence of various gynaecological cancers.
Methodology
A retrospective study was carried out in the histopathology laboratory of the regional hospital Buea. Data were extracted from the registry of this department. The period for this study was from the 4th of March 2016 to the 25th of May 2019. The various cancers were aggregated according to age through basic descriptive statistics.
Results
Breast cancer is the 1st gynaecological cancer with a percentage of 69.82%. Cancer of the cervix, the uterus, the ovary, the vulvae, the fallopian tube, and the vagina, followed respectively with the following percentages; 24.01 %, 3.75 %, 1.5 %,0.44%,0.22%, and 0.22%.
Discussion
Our study agreed with the findings of many authors, which classified breast cancer as the 1st gynaecological cancer in women. Cervix Cancer spikes in the 41-50 age group and maintain the same trend in the 5th decade, now alongside Breast cancer. Our findings are slightly different from those of many authors who think that the peak of cervical cancer appears earlier before giving way to the one of breast cancer. These two cancers were found in this work to develop concomitantly in the 5th decade. The findings of the other types of cancers were in agreement with those of many authors.
Conclusion
Gyneacological cancers are a public health concern the world over. Their epidemiology varies according to geographical location and socioeconomic standard. Breast cancer comes first, followed by endometrial, ovarian, vulvar, fallopian, and vaginal cancers. Breast and cervical cancers, regardless of age, seem to develop concomitantly, in this population.
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Copyright (c) 2021 Tassang Andrew, Enow Orock George, R. Michael Brady, Tosin Yinka Akintunde, Frederick Nchang Cho, Elong Felix, Ewane Theophile Pale, Angwi Enow Tassang, Walters Ndaka, Tassang Thierry, Ncham Genesis Fointwen, Daniel Okono Ndongo, Ngum Fru Paulette
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