Singularities of Space and Time Around the Big Bang: A Modified Theory for the Beginning of the Universe

Abstract

Our knowledge about the Big Bang is based on the Standard Model of physics. The Standard Model can describe the history of the universe up to 10^-43 seconds after the Big Bang, then general relativity and quantum mechanics give contradictory and nonsensical results around the Planck-time. The Hawking-Penrose singularity theorem for the Big Bang set four conditions for the theorem to hold. We will demonstrate in this article that the condition: Einstein’s equations hold, is not met. Thus there was no spacetime singularity, neither spatial singularity around the Big Bang. This article presents a modified description of the Big Bang based on a previously published theory for black hole physics, but in this case applying it in the reverse direction: if matter collapses into black holes by leaving time and entropy at the event horizon, then it must have happened the opposite direction after the Big Bang. So time and entropy emerged after space and gravity already existed. This explains the problems of the Standard Model in describing the first 10^-43 seconds after the Big Bang: not this 10^-43 seconds are missing, but time is missing. The theory also explains the problem with the inflation period of the Big Bang, where the inflation speed exceeded the speed of light: as time did not exist during the inflation period, we cannot interpret speed in that epoch. The presented theory is in line with all laws of physics and explains existing unsolved problems of general relativity and quantum mechanics. In this case presented theory explains the missing first epoch of the Big Bang  and the problem with the speed of cosmic inflation – before time and entropy emerged together.