The Emergence of Online Food Ordering and Its Potential Contribution to Obesity, Diabetes, and Hypertension in Malaysia: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Introduction: The extensive growth of online food delivery (OFD) services has transformed food purchasing trend in Malaysia. Concurrently, Malaysia continues to experience a rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDSs), particularly obesity, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. The increasing trend of NCDSs raising concerns regarding the potential health implications of digital food consumption patterns. Although a growing number of publications have focused on non-communicable disease in Malaysia, yet there is no review evidence linking digital food ordering with the increasing trend of NCDSs. Thus, this paper aimed to link the increase usage of online food delivering system (OFDS) and substantial spike of NCDSs. Methods: The current review gathered literature review from databases including Google Scholar, PubMed and Scopus. Relevant studies published in English between 2017 and 2026 were analyzed to examine trends in online food delivery usage and possible associations with NCDS-related health outcomes in Malaysia. Results: The present review suggests frequent use of OFD services has been associated with greater intake of sugar-sweetened beverages, fast foods, and highly processed meals, potentially promoting excessive caloric consumption and sedentary lifestyles. These dietary habits may associate with elevated blood pressure, weight gain and insulin resistance. Conclusion: The substantial growth of OFD represents a significant change in Malaysia’s food environment with potential implications for long-term public health. The current evidence suggests a possible link between increasing OFD utilization and the growing burden of diabetes, obesity, and hypertension. In future, further population-based studies are needed to assess public health impact and suggest preventive measures against NCDS progression. Policymakers should consider implementing digital food environment regulations, including nutritional transparency, restrictions on unhealthy food marketing, and promotion of healthier food options on delivery platforms, to reduce NCDS risks and healthcare burdens in Malaysia.