Engineering Interpretation of the Traditional Kyrgyz Yurt and Its Adaptation for Sustainable Construction

Abstract

The study investigates the architectural and structural principles of the traditional Kyrgyz yurt and evaluates their potential adaptation for modern construction. The Kyrgyz yurt represents a unique example of vernacular architecture that has evolved over centuries under the climatic, environmental, and socio-economic conditions of Central Asia. The research focuses on the analysis of the yurt's spatial organization, geometric characteristics, and structural behavior, including the interaction of its principal components: the lattice wall system (kerege), roof poles (uuk), central compression ring (tunduk), and tension belt (kur). The study employs a comparative architectural and engineering approach to assess the load transfer mechanisms, structural stability, climatic adaptability, and energy-efficiency potential of the yurt. Particular attention is given to the role of circular geometry in achieving uniform load distribution, improved aerodynamic performance, and reduced heat losses. The research further examines opportunities for integrating traditional construction principles with contemporary building materials and technologies. The results demonstrate that the structural concept of the Kyrgyz yurt possesses significant potential for application in modern low-rise, modular, and energy-efficient buildings. The proposed adaptation strategies include the use of engineered timber, lightweight structural systems, advanced insulation materials, and modular construction technologies. The findings confirm that traditional architectural knowledge can contribute to the development of sustainable and resilient construction solutions while preserving cultural identity and architectural heritage.