Unified Complex Systems Theory (UCST): Resolving Materialist Dilemmas Through Dualist Ontology and Active Force

Authors

  • Weicheng Cui Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Micro/Nano-Photonic/Electronic System Integration, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, China
  • Rong Li Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Micro/Nano-Photonic/Electronic System Integration, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, China and Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, China
  • Lingli Pan Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Micro/Nano-Photonic/Electronic System Integration, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, China and Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, China

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14738/aivp.1305.19511

Keywords:

Unified Complex Systems Theory, Dualist Ontology, Active Force, Postmaterialist Science, Mind-body Problem

Abstract

The fragmentation of complex system theories, contradictions in foundational physics, and the inability of materialist science to explain the consciousness phenomena of the living agency in a complex system have long hindered interdisciplinary progress. This study presents the Unified Complex Systems Theory (UCST), a novel framework addressing these gaps by generalizing classical mechanics, establishing a dualist mind-body ontology, and introducing active force into mechanics. Rooted in 33 core axioms, UCST clarifies ambiguous fundamental concepts (e.g., universe/world, mass, vacuum), axioms and unifies micro-macro and non-living-living systems under a single dynamical equation integrating passive (physical) and active (mind-derived) forces. We demonstrate UCST’s ability to resolve intractable materialist problems—including the mind-body dilemma, action-at-a-distance paradox, and altruism’s ethical foundation—and validate its predictions via testable experiments (e.g., active force measurement, aether detection). By bridging science, ethics, and spirituality, UCST advances a postmaterialist paradigm that expands the boundaries of scientific inquiry.

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Published

2025-11-01

How to Cite

Cui, W., Li, R., & Pan, L. (2025). Unified Complex Systems Theory (UCST): Resolving Materialist Dilemmas Through Dualist Ontology and Active Force . European Journal of Applied Sciences, 13(05), 517–545. https://doi.org/10.14738/aivp.1305.19511