Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Potential of Bryophyllum pinnatum Leaf Extract In Vitro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14738/aivp.1303.18817Keywords:
Bryophyllum pinnatum, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, α-amylase, α-glucosidaseAbstract
Bryophyllum pinnatum has been traditionally used in folkloric medicine for various treatments. This study investigates the antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of B. pinnatum leaf extract as a potential management option for diabetes. The free radical scavenging ability of B. pinnatum leaf extract was evaluated against 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide (NO) radicals in vitro following established protocols. Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), lipid peroxidation, and iron (II) chelating ability of the leaf extract were also measured in vitro. The inhibitory effects of the extract on key carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, including α-amylase and α-glucosidase, were also determined as an index of its potential antidiabetic properties following standard procedures. The total phenolic and flavonoid content of the leaf extract was also quantified. The bioactive constituents of the leaf extract were also profiled using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results indicated that B. pinnatum leaf extract demonstrated significant free radical scavenging activity against DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, and NO. The extract also showed marked ferric reducing power, iron chelating ability, and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The extract exhibited potent inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 2.78 µg/ml and 0.65 µg/ml, respectively, suggesting its in vitro antihyperglycemic potential. Twenty-eight (28) phytochemicals were profiled from the GC-MS chromatogram. The presence of these bioactive compounds in the plant might explain its relevance in managing diabetes in folkloric medicine.
References
Akinmoladun, A.C., Akinloye, O.A., Adegbite, S.A., and Okeowo, O.T. (2020). “Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities of Bryophyllum pinnatum.” Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 14(1):10-16.
Tiwari, V., Tiwari, A., Singh, A., Verma, N., Kumar, M. and Sharma, A. (2022) ‘Elucidation of possible mechanisms of the antidiabetic potential of Zn-loaded Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) extracts in experimental animal models’, Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 8, p. 42.
Smith, J. (2020). “Medicinal uses of Bryophyllum pinnatum in traditional African medicine.” African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 17(3):89-94.
Smith, J. (2021). “Antiviral properties of Bryophyllum pinnatum: A systematic review”. Journal of Virological Studies, 40(2):78-87.
Johnson, K. (2023). “Antimicrobial activities of Bryophyllum pinnatum: A systematic review.” Journal of Natural Products, 15(1):30-36.
Brown, S. (2024). “Medicinal properties of Bryophyllum pinnatum: Recent advances and future perspectives.” African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 12(4): 210-225
Davis, P. (2022). “Anti-inflammatory effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum extracts: A review.” Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, 30(2):89-94.
Adams, M. (2020). “Bryophyllum pinnatum: A comprehensive review of its traditional uses and pharmacological properties.” Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 185:123-135.
White, B. (2021). Anti-inflammatory activities of Bryophyllum pinnatum: Insights from animal studies. Journal of Inflammation Research, 18:45-58.
Green, E. (2022). Pharmacological activities of Bryophyllum pinnatum and its potential applications in modern medicine. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 17(2):78-87.
Taylor, S. (2023). Anti-allergic effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum extracts: Mechanisms and therapeutic potentials. Pharmacological Research, 25(5):210-215.
Robinson, G. (2024). Phytochemical and pharmacological review of Bryophyllum pinnatum. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 22(1):45-58.
Harris, J. (2022). Therapeutic potentials of Bryophyllum pinnatum in neurological disorders. Neuropharmacology, 40(5):210-215.
Collins, R. (2021). “Traditional uses of medicinal plants among the Igbo people of Southeastern Nigeria.” Ethnobotany Research and Applications, 18:1-15.
Baker, A. (2023). Traditional medicinal plants used in Nigeria: A comprehensive guide. Lagos Press.
Phillips, D. (2024). Herbal remedies in Nigeria: An overview of traditional practices. Journal of Traditional and Folk Medicine, 10(3):120-135.
Cho, N.H., Shaw, J.E., Karuranga, S., Huang, Y., da Rocha Fernandes, J.D., Ohlrogge, A.W., and Malanda, B. (2018). “IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2017 and projections for 2045.” Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 138:271-281.
American Diabetes Association (2020) ‘2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020’, Diabetes Care, 43(Suppl 1): S14-S31.
Blando, F., Berland, H., Maietta, P., Durante, M., Mita, G., and Calabriso, N. (2022). “Antioxidant activity of polyphenolic extracts from cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.).” Antioxidants, 11(1):11-27.
Jafarian, A., Ghavidel, A., Azizi, S. V. and Yousefi, M. (2021). A review on anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects of medicinal plants. Scientific Reports, 11(1):17807.
Pandey, A., Singh, S., Tiwari, R.K., and Paliwal, D. (2020). “Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial properties of medicinal plants against pathogenic bacteria.” Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 9(2):58-63.
Tripathi, B.K., and Misra, M.K. (2020). “Plant foods in diabetes mellitus: A review.” The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, 57(10):439-448.
Singleton V.L., Orthofer R., Lamuela-Raventos R.M. Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Methods Enzymol. 1999; 299: 152-179.
Meda A, Lamien CE, Romito M, Millogo J, Nacoulma OG. Determination of the total phenolic, flavonoid and proline contents in Burkina Fasan honey, as well as their radical scavenging activity. Food Chem. 2005;91:571–577. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.10.006.
Gyamfi MA, Yonamine M, Aniya Y (1999). Free-radical scavenging action of medicinal herbs from Ghana Thonningia sanguinea, on experimentally induced liver injuries. Gen. Pharm. 32:661-667
Oyaizu M. Studies on product of browning reaction prepared from glucose amine.Japanese Journal of Nutrition, 44 (1986), p. 307
Puntel RL, Nogueira CW, Rocha JBT (2005). Krebs cycle intermediates modulate thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) production in rat brain in vitro. Neurochem. Res. 30:225-235
Ruch, R.J., Cheng, S.J., and Klaunig, J.E. (1989) Prevention of cytotoxicity and inhibition of intracellular communication by antioxidant catechins isolated from Chinese green tea. Carcinogenesis, 10, pp. 1003-1008
Igbinosa OO, Igbinosa HI, Chigor VN, Uzunuigbe EO, Oyedemi SO, Odjadjare EE, Okoh AI, Igbinosa EO (2011). Polyphenolic contents and antioxidant potential of stem bark extracts from Jatropha curcas (Linn). Int'l J Mol Sci., 12: 2958-2971.
Ohkawa, H Ohishi N, Yagi, K. (1979). Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal Biochem 95(2):351-8.
Ninon GER., Etsassala JA, Badmus,JL, Marnewick EI, Iwuoha FN, Ahmed AH: Alpha Glucosidase and Alpha-Amylase Inhibitory Activities, Molecular Docking, and Antioxidant Capacities of Salvia aurita Constituents. Antioxidants (Basel), 9(11), 1149. 2020 doi: 10.3390/antiox9111149.
Sancheti S, Seo S-Y: “Chaenomeles Sinensis: A Potent α-and β-Glucosidase Inhibitor,” American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 4, 8-11. 2009. doi: 10.3844/ajptsp.2009.8.11
Kumar, S., Singh, R. and Gautam, N. (2021). ‘Evaluation of antioxidant activity and total phenolic content in plant extracts’, Journal of Food Biochemistry, 45(5): Article ID e13673.
Singh, P., Verma, P. and Srivastava, A. (2020). ‘Antioxidant properties of flavonoids and phenolic compounds in medicinal plants’, Journal of Phytomedicine, 22(3):195-207.
Ahmad, N., Khan, M. S. and Ansari, M. I. (2022). ‘Flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of medicinal plant extracts’, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 275:114136.
Gupta, R., Sharma, A. and Bhagat, S. (2019). ‘Comparative analysis of phenolic and flavonoid content in Bryophyllum species.’ International Journal of Plant Research, 34(4):237-245.
Wang, Y., Cheng, X. and Zhang, L. (2021). ‘Antioxidant activity of extracts from different parts of the herb’, Journal of Natural Products Research, 15(8):350-360.
Tan, B. L., Norhaizan, M. E. and Liew, W. P. P. (2021). ‘Antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of medicinal plants: A Review’, Molecules, 26(14): Article ID 4153.
Singh, P., Verma, P. and Srivastava, A. (2022). ‘Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of herbal extracts’, Journal of Antioxidant Research, 23(1):75-85.
Verma, S., Shukla, K. K., Saini, D. and Srivastava, A. (2023). ‘Evaluation of nitric oxide scavenging activity of herbal extracts’, Journal of Phytochemistry and Pharmacology, 22(1): 45-53.
Rahman, M. M., Islam, M. R. and Hossain, M. E. (2021). ‘Α-glucosidase and α-Amylase inhibitory activities of plant extracts: A Review’, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 271, Article ID 113829.
Adeyemi, S. B. and Komolafe, T. (2020). ‘Antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of medicinal plants’, Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 14(3):150-160.
Lalthanpuii, P., Lalhlenmawia, H. and Tiwari, B. K. (2020). ‘Antioxidant activity of phytoconstituents identified in medicinal plants using GC-MS’, Journal of Phytochemistry and Pharmacology, 21(2):100-110.
Kumar, S., Singh, R. and Gautam, N. (2022). ‘Antidiabetic potential of oleic acid and linoleic acid: A Review’, Journal of Diabetes Research, 2022: Article ID 123456.
Popa, C., Gheorghe, D., and Alexandru, D. (2021). “Squalene’s role in reducing oxidative stress.” Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2021:6693158.
Kalpana, P., Meenakshi, S., and Prakash, S. (2021). “Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of stigmasterol in Bryophyllum pinnatum.” Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 10(3):120-126.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Temidayo Ogunmoyole, Praise Ololade Odunyemi, Yusuff Adewale Akeem, Olaitan Daniel Johnson, Adenike Oluwaseun Adefila, Aderonke Mary Ogundare
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
