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Export Propensity And Intensity Of Manufactured Exports In Kenya: A Control Function Approach

Export Propensity And Intensity Of Manufactured Exports In Kenya: A Control Function Approach

A distinctive feature of the manufacturing sector in Kenya is the co-existence of the modern sector alongside a rapidly expanding informal sector. While the formal sector comprises mainly small, medium, and large-scale enterprises (i.e., firms employing more than 100 workers), the informal sector consists of numerous open-air small and microscale productive activities in towns and rural trading centres, usually employing less than five workers. Traditional artisan production in the informal sector is dominated by small undertakings employing less than 5 workers. A large proportion of these firms’ output is directed towards satisfying needs of consumer goods and services domestically. These include items such as clothing, furniture, foodstuffs and motor vehicle repairs. While data on this sub-sector is not easy to come by, there is little doubt from casual empiricism that it is one of the fastest growing sectors, and a major source of employment in the country (Ikiara, 1991, Republic of Kenya, 2007). It is equally clear that this sector has little or no impact on Kenyan manufactured exports, due mainly to the low quality of their products.

Some Historical Essentials: From The Slave Trade To Presence And Past Legacies And Memories In Eastern Nigeria And Cameroon From 1800 To 2014

Some Historical Essentials: From The Slave Trade To Presence And Past Legacies And Memories In Eastern Nigeria And Cameroon From 1800 To 2014

The history of slave trade activities along the transatlantic seas and
coastlines were marked with coercion and intrigue from all the participants that were
involved in the game aiming to attain their diverse goals passing through horrors and
undergoing beyond the limit of human dignity with laws that guided the trade on
human beings. In the contemporary era we find all samples around the global linking
to the ill treatment of Aftricans by the former Western European slave dealers.

Women Attaining Senior Executive Positions In The Jamaican Banking Industry: A Qualitative Exploratory Case Study

Women Attaining Senior Executive Positions In The Jamaican Banking Industry: A Qualitative Exploratory Case Study

The purpose of this qualitative exploratory case study was to explore the success strategies of women who have attained senior executive positions in the Jamaican banking industry. Twelve female senior executives provided data via interviews. The interviews were audio- recorded, transcribed, and analyzed. The research allowed the successful senior executives to share their strategies surrounding corporate ascension. The interviews provided guidance to women who aspired to attain senior-executive positions in the Jamaican banking industry. The information acquired shared insights with the men in the industry about female perspectives. Lastly, the research may provide essential information to the leaders in the Jamaican banking industry as to ways they can assist deserving females achieve promotion into senior executive leadership positions through corporate policy, support systems, and equitable treatment. These strategies may provide the opportunity for male banking leaders to evaluate personal biases while gleaning insights, increasing awareness, and understanding.

The Effect of Shared Meaning between Extension Officers and Farmers on the Adoption of Irish Potato Farming in Kenya

EB-24

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of shared meaning between extension officers and farmers on the adoption of Irish potato farming innovations in Kibirichia Ward, Meru County. It’s objectives were: to determine the effect of channels of communication used between extension officers and farmers on the adoption of Irish potato farming innovations in Meru County; to describe the nature of messages conveyed between the extension officers and farmers on the adoption of Irish potato farming innovations in Meru County; to examine the effect of the context of communication between extension officers and farmers on the adoption of Irish potato farming innovations in Meru County and to determine the effect of noise on shared meaning between extension officers and farmers on the adoption of Irish potato farming innovations in Meru County. The study was guided by the diffusion of innovation and symbolic interaction theories of communication. In this study, qualitative research design was used and qualitative data was collected with the aid of focus group discussions and in-depth interviews amongst Irish potato farmers who were area residents from four sub-locations (Kimbo, Gathuine, Kiamiogo, Mburugiti) and all the extension officers involved in the production of Irish potato crop. A sample size of 39 respondents was drawn. Using qualitative methods in data analysis, focus group and interview data was transcribed, coded and categorized into relevant themes and sub-themes and possible and plausible explanations of the findings drawn. Findings of the study revealed that channels of communication and nature of messages result in shared meaning and high adoption of Irish potato farming in Meru County. However, whereas physical, socio-psychological and temporal contexts of communication positively influenced shared meaning and adoption of Irish potato farming, cultural context did not have an effect on adoption but only influenced shared meaning. Further, noise deterred shared meaning between extension officers and farmers and led to low adoption of Irish potato farming in Meru County. The study recommended that in order to attain increased adoption of Irish potato farming, the government should employ public relations officers and development communication experts, who can develop communication campaigns that will enable effective dissemination of extension information to farmers. Further research should be conducted to determine the role of social media on adoption of Irish potato farming innovations in Meru County. Secondly, since this study focused on Meru County, further studies should be upscaled in other counties in Kenya that cultivate Irish potatoes. The findings are beneficial to farmers, agronomical companies, extension officers, researchers and government policy makers. They boost planning and implementing of focused agricultural programs geared at increasing agricultural production in line with the Kenya government agenda 2018 and the Sustainable Development Goals, 2017.

A Pragmatic Study on Listening: Theory and Practice

A Pragmatic Study on Listening: Theory and Practice

Hearing or listening capacity is a big gift from the Creator, an invaluable present. In reality, many people live with an unexpected misfortune, the deaf status. One important thing missing, hearing, or listening ability. Nevertheless, they can also survive and adapt to their life activities, live normally. Excellent! Why is listening important? To begin with, it is important to present only two general definitions of ‘listening’, though a variety of definitions of listening are available. The first, Goss (1982) defines listening as “the process of taking what you hear and organizing it into verbal units to which you can apply meaning”. The second, Wolvin and Coakley (1996) define listening as “the process of receiving, attending to, and assigning meaning to aural and visual stimuli”. Based on the two definitions, listening is something to do with getting the ‘meaning’ uttered by the speaker or sounded by the audio or audio-visual media. Accordingly, the idea that assumes listening as passive activity is not acceptable. Listening needs the listener’s cognitive involvement and concentration, different from ‘hearing’. Hearing is unintentionally done, with no specific target of getting the meaning or the speaker intent. Therefore, getting people to listen to each other is not an easy objective. Unfortunately, listening has come to be viewed as a passive, simple act that we just do. The word “just” is all too frequently used to describe listening in the admonition “Just listen.” This reduces listening, then, to the non-active, receptor, part of human communication. Listening may be one of the most, if not the most, a complex of all human behaviors (Wovin, 2010:2). Thus, listening is the active involvement of cognitive skill in understanding the ‘meaning’ or the ‘speaker intent’.

The Culture of Inno-preneurs Migrants VS Human Capital investment in Developed Countries

EB-10

In the age of new technology and competition, individual or organizational ideas and competencies are different than which of populism, new ideas and practical models are being developed by Scientifics and practitioners’ people for socio-economic and commercial purposes. The vision of entrepreneurs is changing rapidly because the first thoughts focused on the idea of the individual entrepreneur, a person who creates a company and the circumstances in which it was located, these people become innovators; However, entrepreneurship is not just a set of behaviors that can be exposed not only by individuals, but also by large organizations that have the ability to invest, and that time; do these individuals or companies concretize innovation?
New ideas are launched, and we can see how this has an impact on broader economic and social vitality. Currently, when the innovator falls to solve problems of the economy and society, culture and even business, also to explore, he organizes people and act often without total authority.
The distinction between entrepreneurship and innovation is slightly different in today’s world, because a key entrepreneurial activity is innovation; and not easily separate the two as separate entities. The two components are dependent on each other while entrepreneurs make innovation, but the question that this pose is that entrepreneurs are innovators in terms of behavior? Organizations tend to place innovative companies such as start-ups out of the innovation process, without ever really mentioning where business behaviors and organizations mix.
The term entrepreneurship has become a little old-fashioned, it can now be seen as many things; it may even be useful to distinguish between entrepreneurs as individuals and new entrepreneurial style activities that are more engaged in business. it seems to cover a wide range of activities, and a wide range of people and organizations, this new style can be called: Innopreneur, HRpreneur, Financepreneur, Migrantpreneur, Refugeepreneur, Futurepreneur, etc …
This book will address the topic of migrant Innovpreneurs in the hospitable countries, and their contributions to the development fields of these countries far from fictitious propaganda of populism propagated by leaders such as; Trump of America, Putin of Russia, Jair Bolsonaro of Brasil, Le Pen of France ,(Ukip)of UK,Geert Wilders of Nethrlands, Viktor Orban of Hongry, ( FPÖ) of Austria, (AfD)party of Germany, Northern League of Italy, (AD) in Greece, ,and the like.

Mending The Breaking Cord: African Christian Spirituality & Human Progress)

EB-22

The Christian church in Africa has changed not only in form and structure, but also the nature of its core message and relevance to society. Any critical observer will find that there is growing disengagement of the Christian message along with the corollary of socioeconomic challenges on the continent. It is an important yet overlooked feature of the African church’s story that most of the popular theological and self-improvement books for African Christians within and outside the continent, have rarely touched on the issues that are being examined in this book. From the Nubian African Christian heritage, through the Catholic and Protestants movements, to the birth of the African Independent churches, the African Christian church has gained the accolade as the front runner in global Christianity. The charismatic renewal has been a key driver of the Christian church’s growth, from the early decades of the twentieth century, to the present. The African church remains a dominant social force on the continent. The lives of most Africans revolve around religion. The irony is that increasing (church) membership is happening alongside prevailing inequalities – economic and social. Questionable state policies led by religious political leaders, have been blamed for citizens’ poor living conditions. If religious national leaders are failing to deliver public goods, then faith groups that nurture these leaders must accept a fair share of the blame too. It is interesting that former President Jacob Zuma of South Africa waded into this paradox by saying:

Dizertačná práca: Technologický vývoj v sektore informačných a komunikačných technológií a z toho plynúce zmeny v správaní ich používateľov

Dizertačná práca: Technologický vývoj v sektore informačných a komunikačných technológií a z toho plynúce zmeny v správaní ich používateľov

Východiskovú situáciu možno zhrnúť takto: celá oblasť informačných a komunikačných technológií (IKT) tvorí v druhom desaťročí 21. storočia významnú súčasť bežného kancelárskeho prostredia vo vyspelých krajinách i v rýchlo sa rozvíjajúcich ekonomikách. Aj rýchlo napredujúca globalizácia sa v zásadnej miere opiera o dynamicky sa šíriaci a funkčný sektor informačných a komunikačných technológií. Cieľom tejto práce je zistiť, aké dôsledky so sebou prináša používanie informačných a komunikačných technológií, a to tak hardvéru, ako aj softvéru, či je ich používateľom známe, aký so sebou prinášajú efektívny prospech, aké dôsledky by malo ich prípadné nepoužívanie, a či sú si používatelia naozaj vedomí rôznych priamych a nepriamych dopadov týchto technológií. Pritom sa uplatní postup, v ktorom sa tieto dopady rozpracujú teoreticky na základe rešerše literatúry k téme. Takto získané poznatky tvoria základ vykonaného empirického skúmania. Získané výsledky tejto práce sú tak jednoznačné, ako aj v jednotlivých aspektoch veľmi pozoruhodné. Tak zodpovední riadiaci pracovníci, ako aj používatelia celkovo potvrdili, že sa na úrovni riadenia neskúmajú priame a nepriame dôsledky používania informačných a komunikačných technológií. Vo vykonanom skúmaní sa jednoznačne doložilo, že s tým súvisiace dopady, ako významné ochorenia zamestnancov, vznikajúce náklady pre zamestnávateľov a všeobecná záťaž dotknutých osôb nezohrávali v úvahách osôb vykonávajúcich príslušné rozhodnutia prakticky žiadnu úlohu. Výsledky tejto práce tak umožňujú revidovať a presmerovať postoje zamestnávateľov vo vzťahu k dnešným spôsobom používania informačných a komunikačných technológií ich zamestnancami a k ich rôznym dôsledkom.

An Inquiry into the State of Language Education and Translation in Niger State: The Situation of Arabic, English, French and the Major Languages of Niger State

An Inquiry into the State of Language Education and Translation in Niger State: The Situation of Arabic, English, French and the Major Languages of Niger State

An Inquiry into the State of Language Education and Translation in Niger State is a study of the status of the languages studied in Niger State, Njgeria, viz: Arabic, English, French and the three major indigenous languages (Gbagyi, Hausa and Nupe). It is thought that the enhancement of language education in these six languages, and in particular, the improvement of literacy education in at least the three major indigenous languages, Gbagyi, Hausa and Nupe (among the 38 languages of the State) will help in the State’s implementation of Nigeria’s National Policy on Education (NPE) and, consequently, in the improvement of education in Niger State.
This study is on language education and translation in Niger State, Nigeria. However, it would be useful to consider first what the subject has to do with education in general. In a broad sense, education is the acquisition of knowledge, culture and civilization. Such acquisition may be formal, non-formal or informal. Whether education, as defined here simply, is formal, non-formal or informal, it is a sine qua non for self development, community development and national development. Language education, for its part, is the teaching and learning of a language or languages. It goes beyond “learning” to understand and speak a language; it involves learning to read and write in that language. In other words, it involves the acquisition of literacy in that language, with a view to acquiring knowledge, culture and civilization (that is, education) through that medium. Language is the most important pillar that supports education in all societies everywhere in the world. That is why language education is paramount in the education policies of all societies all over the world.
In monolingual societies or nations where only one language is spoken or used, language education plays a primordial role in education. In countries that have more than one language, or a multiplicity of languages, this role is doubly paramount. This is the case with Nigeria which has about 500 languages, but which has had to adopt English as its lingua franca and official language since its colonisation by the British. In such societies, the recourse to translation is a sine qua non. In this regard, translation (which is the transfer of a message or information from one language, the source language, to another language, the target language) will be indispensable at two levels: (a) at the level of the codification, development and promotion of the indigenous languages, and (b) for synergy between the languages in contact for the transmission of information.

Digital society and social dynamics

Digital society and social dynamics

We live in an increasingly digital society, in which the Internet and the intensification of interconnections in the virtual world have a central place in a context in which the digital, applied both in production (the smart industry) and – more widely and ambitiously – in society (the super-smart society), will be paramount in promoting quality of life and sustainability as economics, ecology and social equity. This e-Book offers a set of topics related to the Digital Society: Industry 4.0, Society 5.0, Digital literacy, Transversal competences, Sustainability digital innovations, Sustainability Literacy, Sociology, Socialisation, Sociology and History, Inequalities in the digital society and Sociology, Ivan Illich, Preprint, Organisational culture, Bureaucracy, Digitalisation of organisations and COVID-19. In summary, this E-book seeks to be a contribution to a more informed society, shaped by the digital in the social dynamics, in its broader concept, through a stance focused on social sciences.