A Comprehensive Profile Analysis of the Effect of Job Embeddedness on Turnover Intention among New Generation of Rural Migrant Workers in China: Based on PLS-SEM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.58.5006Keywords:
Turnover Intention, Organization Embeddedness, Community Embeddedness, New Generation of Rural Migrant Workers, China.Abstract
This paper aimed to examine the relationship between organization embeddedness (OE), community embeddedness (CE) and turnover intention in the context of manufacturer sector in China. A 37-item questionnaire was filled by 384 new generation of rural migrant workers. Data were examined through a first-order of reflective model (SME1) and a two-stage of second-order reflective-formative hierarchical model (SME2) with the technical of Partial Least Squares. The empirical test results indicated that both OE and CE negative and significant related to turnover intention. When further disaggregated the components of OE and CE into the three sub-dimensions of fit, links, and sacrifice, this study found that causal indicator model of job embeddedness predict more variance of turnover intention than reflective model. Moreover, this study found that OEF, OES, CEF, and CES negative and significantly associated with turnover intention, while OEL positive related to turnover intention. Additionally, CEL did not show significant impact on turnover intention. The study concludes with several implications and recommendations for future research.
References
R. W. Griffeth, P. W. Hom, and S. Gaertner, “A Meta-Analysis of Antecedents and Correlates of Employee Turnover: Update, Moderator Tests, and Research Implications for the Next Millennium,” J. Manage., vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 463–488, 2000.
P. W. Hom and R. W. Griffeth, Employee turnover, OH: South-. Cincinnati, 1995.
C. P. Maertz and M. A. Campion, “25 years of voluntary turnover research: A review and critique.,” Int. Rev. Ind. Organ. Psychol., vol. 13, pp. 49–83.
T. R. Mitchell and T. W. Lee, “The unfolding model of voluntary turnover and job embeddedness: Foundations for a comprehensive theory of attachment,” Res. Organ. Behav., vol. 23, no. 0, pp. 189–246, 2001.
T. R. Mitchell et al., “Why people stay : using job embeddedness to predict voluntary turnover.,” Acad. Manag. J., vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 1102–1121, 2001.
T. W. Lee et al., “The effects of job embeddedness on organizational citizenship , job performance , volitional absences , and voluntary turnover,” Acad. Manag. J., vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 711–722, 2004.
B. C. Holtom, T. R. Mitchell, T. W. Lee, and M. B. Eberly, “Turnover and retention research: a glance at the past, a closer review of the present, and a venture into the future,” Acad. Manag. Ann., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 231–274, 2008.
T. Lee, T. Burch, and T. Mitchell, “The story of why we stay: a review of job embeddedness,” Annu. Rev. Organ. Psychol. Organ. Behav., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 199–216, 2014.
J. P. Burton, B. C. Holtom, C. J. Sablynski, T. R. Mitchell, and T. W. Lee, “The buffering effects of job embeddedness on negative shocks,” J. Vocat. Behav., vol. 76, no. 1, pp. 42–51, 2010.
M. Zhang, D. D. Fried, and R. W. Griffeth, “A review of job embeddedness: Conceptual, measurement issues, and directions for future research,” Hum. Resour. Manag. Rev., vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 220–231, 2012.
K. Kiazad, B. C. Holtom, P. W. Hom, and A. Newman, “Job embeddedness: A multifoci theoretical extension,” J. Appl. Bus. Res., vol. 100, no. 3, pp. 641–659, 2015.
C. Tanova and B. C. Holtom, “Using job embeddedness factors to explain voluntary turnover in four European countries,” Int. J. Hum. Resour. Manag., vol. 19, no. 9, pp. 1553–1568, 2008.
V. Peltokorpi, “Job embeddedness in Japanese organizations,” Int. J. Hum. Resour. Manag., vol. 24, no. 8, pp. 1551–1569, 2013.
W. S. Harman and M. Blum, “Albanian turnover: is the job embeddedness construct predictive in an albanian context?,” J. Behav. Appl. Manag., pp. 192–205, 2009.
M. Bambacas and C. T. Kulik, “Job embeddedness in China: how HR practices impact turnover intentions,” Int. J. Hum. Resour. Manag., vol. 24, no. 10, pp. 1–20, 2012.
A. Ramesh and M. J. Gelfand, “Will they stay or will they go? The role of job embeddedness in predicting turnover in individualistic and collectivistic cultures.,” J. Appl. Psychol., vol. 95, no. 5, pp. 807–823, 2010.
M. A. Darrat, D. A. Amyx, and R. J. Bennett, “Examining the impact of job embeddedness on salesperson deviance: The moderating role of job satisfaction,” Ind. Mark. Manag., 2016.
C. Crossley, R. J. Bennet, S. M. Jex, and J. L. Burnfield, “Development of a global measure of job embeddedness and integration into a traditional model of voluntary turnover,” J. Appl. Psychol., vol. 92, no. 4, pp. 1031–1042, 2007.
D. G. Allen, “Do organizational socialization tactics influence newcomer embeddedness and turnover?,” J. Manage., vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 237–256, 2006.
C. M. Mallol, B. C. Holtom, and T. W. Lee, “Job embeddedness in a culturally diverse environment,” J. Bus. Psychol., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 35–44, 2007.
A. R. Wheeler et al., “Moderating and mediating the hrm effectiveness relationship,” J. Manag. Issues, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 182–196, 2010.
B. C. Holtom, D. R. Smith, D. R. Lindsay, and J. P. Burton, “The relative strength of job attitudes and job embeddedness in predicting turnover in a U . S . military academy,” Mil. Psychol., vol. 26, pp. 397–408, 2014.
S. Ampofo, E. T., Coetzer, A., Susomrith, P., & Rermlawan, “The job embeddedness-turnover intentions relationship: Evidence from Thailand.,” 2017.
D. Ghosh and L. Gurunathan, “Do commitment based human resource practices influence job embeddedness and intention to quit?,” IIMB Manag. Rev., vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 240–251, 2015.
J. Zhang, “Impact mechanism between knowledge-workers’ organizational embeddedness, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior(Chinese),” Tianjin University, 2011.
R. Liu, “A study on the job embeddness of the mid-high-end talents,” Jinan University, 2011.
T. Yang and W. Lin, “Scale development of new generation migrant rural worker’s job embeddedness:the moderating effect of community embeddedness(Chinese),” Population&Economics, vol. 199, no. 4, pp. 21–29, 2013.
L. Xiaowei, J. Liao, and Q. Zeng, “An extended testing of voluntary turnover model --- Based on job embeddedness core staff organizational performance,” Manage. World, no. 7, pp. 106–115, 2005.
Y. Li and L. Jun, “An empirical study of the impact of the perceived talent environmention performance and job embeddedness of the R&D talents --taking 227 high-tech enterprise in shenzheng as example,” Ruan Kexue, vol. 23, no. 8, pp. 110–114, 2009.
Y. Mai, G. Zou, and L. Mei, “The impact of job embeddedness on science and technology employees’ entrepreneurial activity,” Nankai Bus. Rev., vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 67–74, 2009.
A. C.Bluedorn, “A taxonomy of turnover,” Acad. Manag., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 647–651, 1978.
M. B. Eberly, D. Hall, and T. W. Lee, “Surveying the forest: A meta-analysis, moderator investigation, and future-oriented discussion of the antecedents of voluntary employee turnover.,” Pers. Psychol., 2017.
D. G. Allen, P. C. Bryant, and J. M. Vardaman, “Retaining talent: replacing misconceptions with evidence-based strategies.,” Acad. Manag. Perspect., vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 48–64, 2010.
J. Hausknecht and J. Holwerda, “When does employee turnover matter? Dynamic member configurations, productive capacity, and collective performance,” Organ. Sci., vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 210–225, 2013.
D. Cho and J. Son, “Job embeddedness and turnover intentions : an empirical investigation of construction it industries,” Int. J. Adv. Sci. Technol., vol. 40, pp. 101–110, 2012.
A. I. Kraut, “Predicting turnover of employees from measured job attitudes,” Organ. Behav. Hum. Perform., vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 233–243, 1975.
R. P. Steel and N. K. Ovalle, “A review and meta-analysis of research on the relationship between behavioral intentions and employee turnover.,” J. Appl. Psychol., vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 673–686, 1984.
Kirschenbaum&Weisberg, “Predicting worker turnover: An assessment of intent on actual separations.,” Hum. Relations, vol. 43, no. 9, pp. 829–847, 1990.
P. W. Hom and R. W. Griffeth, “Structural equations modeling test of a turnover theory: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses,” J. Appl. Psychol., vol. 76, no. 3, pp. 350–366, 1991.
P. W. Hom, T. R. Mitchell, T. W. Lee, and R. W. Griffeth, “Reviewing employee turnover: Focusing on proximal withdrawal states and an expanded criterion.,” Psychol. Bull., vol. 138, no. 5, pp. 831–858, 2012.
I. Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley., 1975.
I. Ajzen, “The theory of planned behavior,” Orgnizational Behav. Hum. Decis. Process., vol. 50, pp. 179–211, 1991.
W. H. Mobley, “Intermediate linkages in the relationship between job satisfaction and employee turnover,” J. Appl. Psychol., vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 237–240, 1977.
H. A. March, J. G., & Simon, Organizations. 1958.
R. M. Steer and R. T. Mowday, “Employee turnover and post decision accommodation process,” Res. Organ. Behav., no. 3, pp. 235–281, 1981.
J. E. Sheridan and M. A. Abelson, “Cusp catastrophe model of employee turnover.,” Acad. Manag. J., vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 418–436, 1983.
T. W. Lee and T. R. Mitchell, “An alternative approach : the unfolding model of voluntary employee turnover.,” Acad. Manag., vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 51–89, 1994.
R. D. Iverson, “An event history analysis of employee turnover: the case of hospital employees in australia.,” Hum. Resour. Manag. Rev., vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 397–418, 1999.
J. P. Hom, P. W., Lee, T. W., Shaw, J. D., & Hausknecht, “One hundred years of employee turnover theory and research (Unpublished).,” J. Appl. Psychol., 2017.
R. P. Steel and R. W. Griffeth, “The elusive relationship between perceived employment opportunity and turnover behavior: A methodological or conceptual artifact?,” J. Appl. Psychol., vol. 74, no. 6, pp. 846–854, 1989.
C. S. Yao, X., Lee, T. W., Mitchell, T. R., Burton, J. P., & Sablynski, “Job embeddedness: Current research and future directions. Understanding employee retention and turnover,” pp. 153–187, 2004.
L. Ma and J. Han, “An analysis on the coordinated development of industrial upgrading and employment transformation of migrant workers in jiangsu province.,” East China Econ. Manag., vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 23–27, 2015.
D. H. Perkins, “Rapid growth and changing economic structure: The expenditure side story and its implications for China,” China Econ. Rev., vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 501–511, 2012.
P. Li and W. Li, “Economic status and social attitudes of migrant workers in China,” China World Econ., vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 1–16, 2007.
F. Zhang, “A Study on the problem and countermeasure of migrant workers shortage--based on the perspective of migrant workers short - term employment,” J. Theor., no. 1, pp. 74–76, 2016.
D. P. Bozeman and P. L. Perrewé, “The effect of item content overlap on Organizational Commitment Questionnaire-turnover cognitions relationships.,” J. Appl. Psychol., vol. 86, no. 1, pp. 161–173, 2001.
J. E. Moore, “One Road to Turnover: An Examination of Work Exhaustion in Technology Professionals,” Misq, vol. 24, no. 1, p. 141, 2000.
R. W. Brislin, “Translation and content analysis of oral and written materials.,” Methodology, pp. 389–444, 1980.
D. George and M. Mallery, Using SPSS for Windows step by step: a simple guide and reference. 2003.
J. F. J. Hair, G. T. M. Hult, C. Ringle, and M. Sarstedt, A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). 2016.
J. F. Hair, C. M. Ringle, and M. Sarstedt, “PLS-SEM: Indeed a Silver Bullet,” J. Mark. Theory Pract., vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 139–152, 2011.
J. Henseler, C. M. Ringle, and R. Sinkovics, “The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing,” Adv. Int. Mark., vol. 20, no. January, pp. 277–319, 2009.
J. Cohen, “Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences - 2nd Edition,” Hillsdale, NJ Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc., pp. 8–14, 1988.
Y. Kim and Y. Kang, “The Relationship among Career Plateau , Self-efficacy , Job Embeddedness and Turnover Intention of Nurses in Small and Medium Sized Hospitals,” Adv. Sci. Technol. Lett., vol. 14, no. 10, pp. 5078–5090, 2013.
X. Qi, “Guanxi, social capital theory and beyond: toward a globalized social science Guanxi, social capital theory and beyond: toward a globalized social science.,” Br. J. Sociol., vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 308–324, 2013.
P. Shen and M. Li, “Mechanism of social capital on stability of nearby employment for returned migrant workers and its countermeasures SHEN,” Guangdong Agric. Sci., no. 23, pp. 207–212, 2015.
M. Granovetter, “The Strength of Weak Ties,” The American Journal of Sociology, vol. 78, no. 6. pp. 1360–1380, 1973.
State Council, “Several Suggestions on Countermeasure of Migrant Workers from State Council,” State Council, 2006.
Downloads
Additional Files
- Untitled
- A Comprehensive Profile Analysis of the Effect of Job Embeddedness on Turnover Intention among New Generation of Rural Migrant Workers in China: Based on PLS-SEM
- A Comprehensive Profile Analysis of the Effect of Job Embeddedness on Turnover Intention among New Generation of Rural Migrant Workers in China: Based on PLS-SEM
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors wishing to include figures, tables, or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and online format and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.
